Staphylococci

Question 1

Staphylococci are what type of cell wall bacteria

Answer 1

gram positive

Question 2

Staphylococci stains what color in the microscope

Answer 2

purple

Question 3

which Staphylococci are coagulase negative Staphylococci

Answer 3

s. epidermis

s. saprophyticus

Question 4

Staphylococci aureus ferments what

Answer 4

• glucose –> lactic acid

- mannitol

Question 5

does staphylococci form spores

Answer 5

no

Question 6

Kirby-Bauer susceptibility test

Answer 6

smear bacteria
- add antibiotic
determine which are sensitive/ resistant

Question 7

what gene is responsible for methicillin resistance located on staphylococcal cassette chromosome

Answer 7

mecA gene

Question 8

what are 3 major reservoirs of hospital-associated MRSA

Answer 8

1. patients
2. healthcare workers
3. inanimate environment

Question 9

name a cytolitc toxin

Answer 9

panton-Valetine leukocidin

Question 10

What consists of the exfoliative toxin A

Answer 10

enterotoxins

TSST

Question 11

exfoliative toxin A have what immune response

Answer 11

superantigen

Question 12

panton-Valetine leukocidin causes what infection

Answer 12

necrotizing pneumonia

Question 13

S. aureus is a major cause of what disease

Answer 13

empyema

Question 14

treatment for s. aureus skin infections

Answer 14

cephalosporins

clindamycin

Question 15

treatment of MRSA

Answer 15

IV vancomysin

Question 16

treatment for S. aureus

Answer 16

penicillinase - penicillin resistant

Question 17

what is virulence factor for s. epidermidis

Answer 17

glycocalyx

Question 18

dysuria

Answer 18

pain in urination

Question 19

pyuria

Answer 19

pus in urine

Question 20

what test help differentiate between staph and strep

Answer 20

catalase test

Question 21

are staphylococci motile

Answer 21

non-motile

Question 22

S. aureus is resistant to what drugs

Answer 22

tet 
macrolides 
lincosamides
fluoroquinolones 
aminoglycosides

Question 23

Panton-Valentine Leukocidin is a virulence factor for staph. aureus, how does it work

Answer 23

prevents phagocytosis

Question 24

location of impetigo

Answer 24

superficial skin infection

Question 25

location of foliculitis

Answer 25

pyogenic infection of hair follicle

Question 26

locationof buruncles

Answer 26

extension of follicle

Question 27

carbuncles

Answer 27

infection into deep subcutaneous tissue

Question 28

what is the mean incubation for enterotoxins for food poisoning

Answer 28

4 hours

Question 29

what are the symptoms for food poisoning

Answer 29

``` vomiting diarrhea (nonbloody) no fever nausea abdominal cramp ```

Question 30

what is the major mechanisms for combating staphylococcal infections

Answer 30

phagocytosis

Question 31

name 2 ways staph bypasses the immune response

Answer 31

biofilms | bacterial capsule/protein inhibit phagocytosis

Question 32

staphylococci may be difficult to kill after phagocytic engulfment because

Answer 32

produce caotenoids and catalase which neutralize O2 and superoxide ( phagocytic killing mechanism)

Question 33

glycocalyx how does it work as a virulence factor for s. epidermis

Answer 33

helps with adhesion, antiphagocitic, makes it resistant to antibiotics