Bordatella pertusis and Pseudomanas Flashcards

1
Q

name toxins for bordetella pertussis

A
pertussis toxin 
adenylate cyclase 
tracheal toxin 
FHA
dermonecrotic toxin
LPS lipid A and Lipid X
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2
Q

which one of the bordetella pertussis toxin is lethal

A

dermonecrotic toxin

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3
Q

what does the pertussis toxin catalyze? what does it result in

A

S1 subunit catalyses ADPR reaction of Gi
activate ACase
increase cAMP

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4
Q

what role does ACase play in pertussis toxin

A

converts ATP to cAMP

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5
Q

name 3 stages of pertussis

A

catarrhal
paroxysmal
convalescent

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6
Q

what tests are used to detect pertussis

A

direct fluorescent antibody test

polymerase chain reaction

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7
Q

what are the advantages of direct fluorescent antibody test

A

fast

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8
Q

what are disadvantages of direct fluorescent antibody test

A

may not be specific

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9
Q

what vaccine is used to treat pertussis

A

acellular Pertussis antigen vaccine

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10
Q

what antibiotic is used for pertussis? what is a disadvantage

A

erythromycin: can’t treat if bacteria is already circulating body

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11
Q

what is the main virulence factor for pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

bacterial biofilms

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12
Q

why is pseudomonas aeruginosa a major cause of chronic infection

A

100-1000 fold more resistant to antibiotics

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13
Q

where are the biofilms located

A

ubiquitous

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14
Q

exotoxin A has a similar mode of action as

A

diphtheria toxin-ADP-ribosylation of EFII ( elongation factor II)

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15
Q

exoenzyme S

A

required for dissemination from burn wounds and for tissue destruction in chronic lung infections

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16
Q

Elastase

A

breaks down elastin, collagen, complement components

17
Q

what is “quorum sensing”

A

LasR (transcriptional activator) senses presence of Psudomonas

18
Q

what controls elastase production

19
Q

what regulates quorum sensing

A

Iron-regulated

20
Q

what does phohspholipase C and heat-stable phospholipase do

A

hydrolysis of phospholipids leading to tissue damage

21
Q

what does alkaline phosphotase do

A

proteolysis leading to tissue damage

22
Q

alginate

A

promotes adherence to respiratory epithelium, interferes with phagocytosis

23
Q

what type of infection is caused by pseudomonas

A

septicemia
meningitis
endocarditis
panophthalmitis

24
Q

panophthalmitis

A

inflammation of all coats of the eye including intraocular structures.

25
what can cause pseudomonas falliculitis
immersion in contaminated water such as hot tubs
26
when can pseudomonas folliculitis be a secondary infection
acne | epilate their legs
27
what does x-ray of CF chest look like
bilateral bronchopneumonia
28
contact lenses and pseduomonas infection
hemolysin | difficult to treat
29
what type of therapy is used for pseudomonas
combination therapy: penicillin family and aminoglycoside
30
cystic fibroses is located on what gene
chromosome 7
31
what organs are impacted in CF
lungs and exocrine glands
32
what type of mutation is CF
three nucleotide deletion
33
name 3 pathogens that can colonize the CF lung
S aurerus H influenzae P. aeruginosa
34
what is clinical significance for CF
- excessive neutrophil infiltration in lung - infections around bronchi - malnutrition