Mupriocin, Colistin, Fosfomycin, Tigecycline, Daptomycin, Telavancin, Flashcards
how is mupirocin administrated
topical treatment
what does mupirocin (bactorban) treat
MRSA colonization eradication from Nares
what does Colistin cover
SPACE bug
what are some adverse effects for Colistin
nephrotoxicity
neurotoxicity
Colistin is resistant to what bugs
PEK
how is Colistin administered
IV
inhaled
intrathecal
fosfomycin (monrol) is used only for what
UTI’s
How many times a day do you take fosfomycin
1
Tigecycline (tygacil) is what kind of drug
static
what type of infections is Tigecycline used for
intra-abdominal infection
community acquired penumonia
does Tigacycline treat bacterimia ? whyso?
no, does not attain high serum concentrations, easily diffuses into tissue
what is the unique coverage for tigacycline
MRSA/VRE
gram (-)
acinetobacter
anaerobes
As a doctor in what situation would you perscribe Tigacycline
3rd tier drug,
try 2 other drugs before prescribing
Daptomycin is what kind of drug
cidal
what does Daptomycin not cover and why
pneumonia, inactivated by pulmonary surfactant
what does Daptomycin cover
Gram (+) MRSA, VRE
skin and soft tissue infections
right sided endocarditis
Telavancin can have cross sensitivity with other drug
Vancomycin
what are adverse effects for Telavancin
red man syndrome
prolonged QT
nephrotoxicity
what does Telavancin cover
skin and soft tissue infections
gram (+), MRSA
Do questions at end of powerpoint
OKay
all sulfaonamides are similar to what other structure
PABA
what is PABA a precursor for
synthesis of folic acid in bacteria
Mechanism of action for sulfaonamides
sulfonamides compete with PABA
what type of drug is sulfaonamides
static
what is excretion for sulfonamides
glomerular filteration
what is sulfonamides commonly treat
acute uncomplicated UTI
what are adverse effects of sulfonamides
nephrotoxicity
Kernicterus
what is kernicterus
decreases fetal blood levels of unconjugated bilirubin
should you give sulfonamides to pregnant ladies
no
what do sulfonamides cover
staph strep PEK H. flu salmonella shigella chlamydia trachomatis
what is the mechanism of resistance for sulfonamides
- overproduction of PABA
- decreased permeability of bacteria to the drug
Trimethoprin mechanisms of action
inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
what type of drug is trimethoprin
static or cidal depending on growth condition
why is trimethoprim more toxic than sulfonamides?
interacts with a system also found in humans unlike sulfonamides
how is trimethoprim excreted
80% unchanged via glomerular filtration
tubular secretion
when do you not give trimethoprim
don't use with patients who are alcoholics pregnant women debilitated patients malabsroptive syndromes
what does trimethoprim treat
acute uncomplicated UTI
recurrent UTI prophylaxis
traveler’s diarrhea
what is bactrim
trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole
when do you use Bactrim
UTI RTI GI infections STDs stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Bactrim interacts with what other drugs
Warfin
Methotexate
What is the mechanism of action for Nitrofurantoin
unclear
where is Nitrofurantoin mostly distributed
urine
what are adverse effects of nitrofurantion
peripheral neuropathy
gastriointestinal reactions
what are pulmonary adverse effects of nitrofurantoin
hypersensitivity depending on how long on tdurg
what do nitrofurantion treat
acute uncomplicated UTI
UTI prophylaxis
what is the mechansism of actin for methenamine
- no antibacterial effect alone
- hydrolyzed to formaldehyde which kills bacteria in acidic conditions
what is the bioavailability for methenamine
excellent
you should avoid using methenamine in what patients
hepatic insufficiency
renal failure
methenamine concentrations in urine are affected by what
hydrolysis of meth to formaldehyde
rate of urine loss from bladder
what does methenamine used to treat
UTI prophylaxis ONLY
