macrolides Flashcards
what is the mechanism of action for macrolides
reversibly binds to 50S-ribosomal subunit of bacteria
what type of drug is macrlides
static
name 3 macrolides
clarithromycin
Azithromycin
erythromycin
what macrolide should you not give to a pregnant women
emycin estolate
what is distribution for macrolides
in tissues longer than blood
-lung
how are macrolides excreted
biliary
what is the half life for azithromycin
long
what are adverse effects of Erythromycin
GI abdominal cramps
thrombophelibitis
cholestic hepatitis
what are adverse effects of clarithromycin and azithromycin
GI
headache
what is a durg interaction with erythromycin/clarithromycin
inactivates complexes with p-450 enzymes
what do macrolides cover
staph strep
atypicals
what does clarithromycin and azithromycin cover that erthromycin doesnt
H. flu
M. Cat
when are macrolides used
mycoplasma pneominia
legionnaires disease
chlamydia trachomatis
what is the mechanism of action for clindamycin
binding of 50S ribosome
what is the bioavailbilty for clindamycin
good
what bacteria does clindomcin cover
step staph
anaerobes
toxoplasmosis
what are adverse effects for clindomycin
hepatotxicity
c. diff
Chloramphenicol mechanism of action
binds larger 50S subunit of 70S ribosome
what is Chloramphenicol coverage
good, even CSF
what is the best administration for Chloramphenicol
oral
needs to be hydrolyzed in stomach
where is Chloramphenicol metabolized
liver, must watch serum levels
what bacteria does Chloramphenicol cover
gram +/-
aerobic and anaerobic
rickettisa
chlamdydia
what are adverse effects of Chloramphenicol
anemia
aplastic anemia
gray baby syndrome
what is gray baby syndrome
toxicity involved inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis
what does Chloramphenicol treat
bacterial meningitis
Rickettsial infections
