E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Klebsiella Flashcards
Enterobacteriaceae include what bacteria
Klebsiella
Shigella
Salmonella
E. Coli
fermentation occurs in which Enterobacteriaceae
E. coli
Enterobacter
klebsiella
Serratia ( occurs slowly)
what diseases are caused by E. coli
Gastroenteritis Hemolytic-uremic syndrome UTI neonatal meningitis Septicemia
septicemia
blood poisoning
enterotoxigenic E. coli produce what
heat labile and heat stabile enterotoxins
what is the clinical presentation for ETEC
watery diarrhea
-no inflammation no fever
how does ETEC attach to the small intestines
fimbrial adhesins, CFA I and CFA II
what toxins does enteropathogenic E. coli produce
none
what does EPEC do in small intestines
destroys microvilli
What is the clinical presentation for EPEC
Diarrhea in children
some inflammation
no fever
What part of the world is EPEC seen most commonly in
underdeveloped countries
what toxins does enterohemorragic E.coli make
Shiga-like toxin (SLT)
how do you distinguish from EHEC from other E. coli
does not ferment sorbitol
what are clinical symptoms of EHEC
blood diarrhea
intense inflammation
hemolytic uremia
enteroinvasive E. coli is similar to what other toxin
shigella
EIEC how is it similar and different from Shigella
enters M cell
does not produce M toxin
what is clinical presentation for EIEC
dysentery-like diarrhea
severe inflammation
fever
what toxins does enteroaggregative E. coli make
ST-like toxin
hemolysin
what is the clinical presentation of enteroaggregative E. coli?
diarrhea in young children w/o immunization
no fever
What e. coli strains are noninvasive
ETEC
EAggEC
Which e.coli strains are invasive
EPEC
EHEC
EIEC
what bacteria is the most common cause for UTI
e. coli
what are 2 virulence factors of uropathogenic E. coli
P fimbria
PAP pilli
what does PAP pilli bind to uropathogenic E. coli
P blood group antigen (D-galactose-D-galactose residue)
where is Salmonella commonly found and where is it not commonly found
found in GI tract of animals
not in human flora
what 3 markers show up on enterobacteriacaea serological typing? which marker differs between bacteria in this family
O antigen ( different)
K antigen
H antigen
Salmonella have what type of growth
facultative intracellular
define facultative intracellular
capable of living and reproducing either inside or outside cells
where does typhoid start in the body
small intestines through Peyer’s patches
spreads to liver, gallbladder and spleen macrophages
how is typhoid fever transmitted to human
only by other humans
what are two symptoms of Salmonella ( not typhi)
enterocolitis
septicemia
enterocolitis
inflammation of small and large intestines
Septicemia
blood poisoning
If a patient has Salmonella and presents with septicemia then what underlying chronic disease is present
sickle cell anemia
cancer
how is Salmonella ( not typhi) transmitted to humans
fecal-oral route
human and animal reservoirs
the diarrhea-causing Salmonella multiply where
lamina propria
how is Salmonella treated
-Vaccine (short-lived)
symptomatic relief
S. dysenteriae occur in what countries
developing countries
what kind of shigella is most common in the US
S. sonnei
Shigella is what type of bacteria
gram negative
Shigella ferments what? what is special about this
glucose, does not produce gas
Shigella targets what cell
M cell in Payer’s patches
what part of the cell does shigella toxin target
cleaves 28S rRNA in 60S
Reiter’s syndrome, clinical symptoms
arthritis
conjunctivitis
urethritis
when does Reiter’s syndrome occur
after injection of bacteria
cause is inclear
who is most likely to get Reiter’s syndrome
males
what does methylene blue stain do
determine presence of PMN in fecal sample
shigella or salmonella present
what are clinical symptoms for Shigella
fever abdominal pain
watery diarrhea –> dysternia
what is the reservoir for shigella
human
how is shigella transmitted
fingers flies food feces fecal-oral route
drug treatment for shigella
fluroquinolone
ciprofloxacin
klebsiella causes what
community or hospital lobar pneumonia
proteus mirabilis causes what in patient
UTI
kidney stones
how does proteus mirabilis cause kidney stones
urease positive
splits into CO2 and ammonia
basic environment
precipitate Ca and Mg
