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POD Exam 2 > E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Klebsiella > Flashcards

E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Klebsiella Flashcards

1
Q

Enterobacteriaceae include what bacteria

A

Klebsiella
Shigella
Salmonella
E. Coli

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2
Q

fermentation occurs in which Enterobacteriaceae

A

E. coli
Enterobacter
klebsiella
Serratia ( occurs slowly)

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3
Q

what diseases are caused by E. coli

A 
Gastroenteritis 
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome
UTI
neonatal meningitis 
Septicemia
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4
Q

septicemia

A

blood poisoning

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5
Q

enterotoxigenic E. coli produce what

A

heat labile and heat stabile enterotoxins

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6
Q

what is the clinical presentation for ETEC

A

watery diarrhea

-no inflammation no fever

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7
Q

how does ETEC attach to the small intestines

A

fimbrial adhesins, CFA I and CFA II

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8
Q

what toxins does enteropathogenic E. coli produce

A

none

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9
Q

what does EPEC do in small intestines

A

destroys microvilli

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10
Q

What is the clinical presentation for EPEC

A

Diarrhea in children
some inflammation
no fever

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11
Q

What part of the world is EPEC seen most commonly in

A

underdeveloped countries

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12
Q

what toxins does enterohemorragic E.coli make

A

Shiga-like toxin (SLT)

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13
Q

how do you distinguish from EHEC from other E. coli

A

does not ferment sorbitol

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14
Q

what are clinical symptoms of EHEC

A

blood diarrhea
intense inflammation
hemolytic uremia

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15
Q

enteroinvasive E. coli is similar to what other toxin

A

shigella

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16
Q

EIEC how is it similar and different from Shigella

A

enters M cell

does not produce M toxin

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17
Q

what is clinical presentation for EIEC

A

dysentery-like diarrhea
severe inflammation
fever

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18
Q

what toxins does enteroaggregative E. coli make

A

ST-like toxin

hemolysin

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19
Q

what is the clinical presentation of enteroaggregative E. coli?

A

diarrhea in young children w/o immunization

no fever

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20
Q

What e. coli strains are noninvasive

A

ETEC

EAggEC

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21
Q

Which e.coli strains are invasive

A

EPEC
EHEC
EIEC

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22
Q

what bacteria is the most common cause for UTI

A

e. coli

23
Q

what are 2 virulence factors of uropathogenic E. coli

A

P fimbria

PAP pilli

24
Q

what does PAP pilli bind to uropathogenic E. coli

A

P blood group antigen (D-galactose-D-galactose residue)

25
Q

where is Salmonella commonly found and where is it not commonly found

A

found in GI tract of animals

not in human flora

26
Q

what 3 markers show up on enterobacteriacaea serological typing? which marker differs between bacteria in this family

A

O antigen ( different)
K antigen
H antigen

27
Q

Salmonella have what type of growth

A

facultative intracellular

28
Q

define facultative intracellular

A

capable of living and reproducing either inside or outside cells

29
Q

where does typhoid start in the body

A

small intestines through Peyer’s patches

spreads to liver, gallbladder and spleen macrophages

30
Q

how is typhoid fever transmitted to human

A

only by other humans

31
Q

what are two symptoms of Salmonella ( not typhi)

A

enterocolitis

septicemia

32
Q

enterocolitis

A

inflammation of small and large intestines

33
Q

Septicemia

A

blood poisoning

34
Q

If a patient has Salmonella and presents with septicemia then what underlying chronic disease is present

A

sickle cell anemia

cancer

35
Q

how is Salmonella ( not typhi) transmitted to humans

A

fecal-oral route

human and animal reservoirs

36
Q

the diarrhea-causing Salmonella multiply where

A

lamina propria

37
Q

how is Salmonella treated

A

-Vaccine (short-lived)

symptomatic relief

38
Q

S. dysenteriae occur in what countries

A

developing countries

39
Q

what kind of shigella is most common in the US

A

S. sonnei

40
Q

Shigella is what type of bacteria

A

gram negative

41
Q

Shigella ferments what? what is special about this

A

glucose, does not produce gas

42
Q

Shigella targets what cell

A

M cell in Payer’s patches

43
Q

what part of the cell does shigella toxin target

A

cleaves 28S rRNA in 60S

44
Q

Reiter’s syndrome, clinical symptoms

A

arthritis
conjunctivitis
urethritis

45
Q

when does Reiter’s syndrome occur

A

after injection of bacteria

cause is inclear

46
Q

who is most likely to get Reiter’s syndrome

A

males

47
Q

what does methylene blue stain do

A

determine presence of PMN in fecal sample

shigella or salmonella present

48
Q

what are clinical symptoms for Shigella

A

fever abdominal pain

watery diarrhea –> dysternia

49
Q

what is the reservoir for shigella

A

human

50
Q

how is shigella transmitted

A 
fingers
flies
food 
feces 
fecal-oral route
51
Q

drug treatment for shigella

A

fluroquinolone

ciprofloxacin

52
Q

klebsiella causes what

A

community or hospital lobar pneumonia

53
Q

proteus mirabilis causes what in patient

A

UTI

kidney stones

54
Q

how does proteus mirabilis cause kidney stones

A

urease positive
splits into CO2 and ammonia
basic environment
precipitate Ca and Mg

POD Exam 2 (28 decks)

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