Quinolones and Tetracyclines

Question 1

What are two adverse effects of aminoglycosides

Answer 1

high peaks: ototoxicity

high troughs: nephrotoxicity

Question 2

what bacteria coverage does aminoglycosides have

Answer 2

excellent gram (-)
little synergy for gram (+)

Question 3

Aminoglycosides: gent, tobra, amikacin which one do we go to North Carolina for levels

Answer 3

amikacin

Question 4

Aminoglycosides: what is neomycin used for

Answer 4

gut decontamination

Question 5

Vancomycin covers what oragnisms

Answer 5

gram (+)

drink Vanc: treat C.diff

Question 6

Linelozid what is it used for

Answer 6

VRE MRSA

Question 7

Quinipristin, Dalfopristin what is it used for

Answer 7

MRSA VRE

Question 8

Mupirocin what is it used for

Answer 8

topically MRSA

Question 9

Colistin what is it used for

Answer 9

tough gram (-)

Question 10

Fosfomycin what is it used for

Answer 10

MDR UTI

Question 11

Tigecycline what is it used for? not used for? when do we use this drug

Answer 11

does not treat bacterimia
treats tissue well 
tier 2 or 3 
MRSA
VRE

Question 12

Daptomycin what is it used for? what makes this drug worse?

Answer 12

everything but lungs(inactivated with lung surfactant)
good tissue penetration
-worse if on Statin

Question 13

Telavancin should be used when?

Answer 13

not use for if have Vancomcin allergy

Question 14

Sulfonamides, what happens when patient has sulfur reaction

Answer 14

steven johnson syndrome

Question 15

how do you reduce nephrotoxicity risk for sulfonimides

Answer 15

-plenty hydration for patient

Question 16

what do you use Nitrofurantian for

Answer 16

UTI

MRSA VRE

Question 17

methanamine

Answer 17

UTI prophylaxis

Question 18

which macrolide is best tolerated

Answer 18

Azithromycin

Question 19

which microlide is worst for drug drug interactions

Answer 19

E-mycin

Question 20

which microlide causes a metallic taste

Answer 20

clarithromycin

Question 21

which microlide can we use for a gastronephresis for diabetic patient

Answer 21

E-mycin

Question 22

what E-mycin do we not use in pregnancy

Answer 22

estelate

Question 23

what does clindomycin cover? who is it good for? what is it’s MERSA sensitivity

Answer 23

positive (staph, strep)
anaerobes
good for diabetic food patient or someone who is allergic to penicillin
30% MRSA sensitivity

Question 24

2 adverse reactions for chloramphenicol

Answer 24

aplastic anemia

grey baby syndrome (levels above 50)

Question 25

highest incidence of risk for cchlindomyosin

Answer 25

C. diff

Question 26

what is the mechanism of action for Quinolones

Answer 26

target DNA gyrase

Question 27

what type of drug is quiolones

Answer 27

cidal

Question 28

what is the bioavailabilty for Quinolones

Answer 28

good

Question 29

what are adverse effects of quinolones

Answer 29

photosensitivity QT prolongation mental status change tendon rupture

Question 30

at what age should you not give quinolones

Answer 30

caution under 18 years

Question 31

what are the 3 main drug interaction for quinolones

Answer 31

theophylline ( breathing medication) antacids/iron/mutlivitamins Warfin

Question 32

what does quinolones do with theophylline

Answer 32

can double theophylline levels

Question 33

which quinolone is not impacted that much with drug-drug interaction

Answer 33

levofloxacin

Question 34

what gram positives does Levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gemifloxacin cover

Answer 34

staph and strep

Question 35

what gram positives doe cipro and ofloxacin cover

Answer 35

not good gram + coverage

Question 36

Cipro and levofloxacin cover what gram negative

Answer 36

SPACE

Question 37

moxifloxcin covers what gram negative

Answer 37

SACE

Question 38

which quinolone covers anaerobes

Answer 38

Moxifloxacin

Question 39

which quinolones covers atypicals

Answer 39

levofloxacin moxifloxacin cipro

Question 40

what does ciprofloxacin cover

Answer 40

``` poor gram (+) Good SPACE ```

Question 41

what is the bioavailabilty for ciprofloxacin

Answer 41

excellent | use oral if possible

Question 42

what does levofloxacin/gemifloxacin/moxifloxacin cover

Answer 42

``` gram + (staph/strep) PCN resistant strep pneumo Levo: SPACE Gem/Mox: SACE atypicals ```

Question 43

Moxifloxacin is not used for what disease

Answer 43

UTI

Question 44

what is a unique characteristic for moxifloxacin

Answer 44

anaerobes

Question 45

what are major things quinolones treat

Answer 45

UTI skin bone and joint infection intra-abdominal infections

Question 46

what is the mechanism of action for tetracyclines

Answer 46

reversibly binds to 30S ribosomal unit

Question 47

what type of drug is tetracycline

Answer 47

bacteriostatic

Question 48

what decreases absorption for tetracyclines

Answer 48

food

Question 49

what is the primary elimination for tetracyclines

Answer 49

renal

Question 50

what is an adverse effect for tetracyclines

Answer 50

photosensitivity | discoloration of teeth

Question 51

what is an adverse effect for demecylcoine? what can it treat

Answer 51

Reversible diabetes insipidius | -treats SIADH

Question 52

what is a side effect of minocycline

Answer 52

dizziness

Question 53

what syndrome related with tetracyclines

Answer 53

fanconi-like sydnrome

Question 54

what is Fanconi-like syndrome

Answer 54

outdated critic acid formulation

Question 55

there is a decrease absorption of TCN agents when co-administer via chelation

Answer 55

di- and trivalent cations antacids dairy products

Question 56

Tetracycline interacts with what drug

Answer 56

Warfin

Question 57

what is the spectrum of activity for tetracyclines

Answer 57

Graph (+) staph, strep gram (-) H. flu, Neisseria atypicals

Question 58

what disease does Tetracyclines use for

Answer 58

``` Rickettsia infections Rocky Mountain spotted fever mycoplasma pneumonia chlamydia infections acne H. pylori ```

Question 59

where does one get Brucellosis

Answer 59

unpasteurized cheeses, milk

Question 60

how does one treat brucellosis

Answer 60

tetracyclines with gentamicin

Question 61

how does one catch vibrio cholera

Answer 61

diarrheal disease from water

Question 62

what can treat vibrio cholera

Answer 62

tetracyclines

Question 63

Borrelia burgdorferi

Answer 63

lyme disease | flu-like symptoms

Question 64

what can treat Borrelia burgdorferi

Answer 64

tetracyclines

Question 65

when do you not use tetracyclines

Answer 65

pregnant women | children under 8