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SONOCAN ABD Review > Spleen Review > Flashcards

Spleen Review Flashcards

1
Q

The most common location of an accessory spleen is near the:

  1. Left renal hilum
  2. Left adrenal gland
  3. Splenic hilum
  4. Lesser curvature of the stomach
A
  1. Splenic hilum
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2
Q

Gain settings should be placed to demonstrate the normal spleen as:

  1. Isoechoic to the normal pancreas
  2. Hyperechoic to the normal liver
  3. Hypoechoic to the normal renal cortex
  4. Isoechoic to the normal liver
A
  1. Isoechoic to the normal liver
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3
Q

The spleen is predominately located in which of the following quadrants?

  1. Left lumbar
  2. Epigastrium
  3. Hypogastrium
  4. Left hypochondrium
A
  1. Epigastrium
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4
Q

The most common neoplasm of the spleen is a

  1. Cyst
  2. Accessory spleen
  3. Cystadenoma
  4. Cavernous hemangioma
A

Cavernous hemangioma

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5
Q

The most common Hematocrit is defined as the percentage of a:

  1. Platelets in the red blood cell
  2. Oxygen in the red blood cell
  3. Red blood cells in the blood
  4. Platelet in the blood
A
  1. Red blood cells in the blood
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6
Q

The most common clinical finding associated with a hemangiosarcoma is:

  1. Anemia
  2. Weight loss
  3. Leukopenia
  4. Abdominal pain
A

Anemia

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7
Q

Metastasis to the spleen most commonly originates from which of the following malignancies?

  1. Hepatoma
  2. Melanoma
  3. Nephrolastoma
  4. Adrenocortical carcinoma
A
  1. Melanoma
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8
Q

Multiple splenic infections is a predisposing factor for which of the following conditions?

  1. Infarction
  2. Candidiasis
  3. Arterial calcification
  4. Cavernous hemangioma
A
  1. Candidiasis
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9
Q

In patients with a history of polycythermia Vera, the spleen will mostly demonstrate:

  1. Atrophy
  2. Enlargement
  3. Calcifications
  4. Multiple cysts
A
  1. Enlargement
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10
Q

The sonogram of the left upper quadrant is most consistent with which of the following conditions.

  1. Lymphoma
  2. Splenomegaly
  3. Splenic rupture
  4. Splenic infarction
A
  1. Splenomegaly
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11
Q

Based on this sonographic finding the sonographer should also evaluate for which of the following pathologies?

  1. Pancreatitis
  2. Portal hypertension
  3. Lymphadenopathy
  4. Abdominal aortic aneurysm
A
  1. Portal hypertension
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12
Q

Hemangiosarcoma involving the spleen frequently metastasizes to which of the following organs?

  1. Liver
  2. Colon
  3. Lung
  4. Kidney
A
  1. Liver
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13
Q

The sonogram is most likely demonstrating

  1. Pancreatic mass
  2. Enlarged lymph node
  3. Accessory spleen
  4. Adrenal adenoma
A
  1. Accessory spleen
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14
Q

What abnormality is documented in this u/s?

  1. Splenic cyst
  2. Hematoma
  3. Fluid- filled stomach
  4. Cystic lymphangioma
A
  1. Splenic cyst
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15
Q

Which of the following splenic abnormalities is most commonly lined to infective endocarditis?

  1. Hematoma
  2. Abscess
  3. Infarction
  4. Hematoma
A
  1. Abscess
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16
Q

The location of the spleen is best described as:

a. anterior to the stomach
b. posterior to the left kidney
c. lateral to the stomach
d. medial to the left adrenal gland

A

C. Lateral to the stomach

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17
Q

Patients with a history of portal hypertension have an increased risk of developing a splenic:
a. cyst
b. infarction
c. hamartoma
d. artery aneurysm

A

d. Artery aneurysm

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18
Q

A congenital anomaly of the spleen associated with gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, genitourinary, and biliary anomalies is most consistent with:
a. asplenia syndrome
b. a wandering spleen
c. polysplenia syndrome
d. an accessory spleen

A

C. Polyspenia syndrome

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19
Q

The splenic artery is a branch of which of the following vascular structures?
a. abdominal aorta
b. celiac axis
c. gastric artery
d. superior mesenteric artery

A

B. Celiac axis

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20
Q

A clinical finding associated with splenic infarction may include:
a. hypertension
b. leukocytosis
c. no symptoms
d. epigastric pain

A

C. no symptoms

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21
Q

The hyperechoic foci identified in the splenic parenchyma are most suspicious for:
A. candidiasis
B. pneumobilia
C. Splenic calcifications
D. Multiple small hemangiomas

A

C. Splenic calcifications

22
Q

These sonographic findings are most likely considered:
a. life threatening
b. incidental findings
c. postsurgical changes
d. hypervascular lesions

A

B. incidental findings

23
Q

A female patient presents to the ultrasound department complaining of vague left upper quadrant pain. She admits to “wrestling” with her brother a week earlier. Based on this clinical history, the sonographic findings are most suspicious for which of the following conditions?
a. hematoma
b. polycystic disease
c. loculated abscess
d. pseudocyst

A

A. Hematoma

24
Q

The mass identified by the arrow most likely represents a(n):
a. abscess
b. lipoma
c. cavernous hemangioma
d. primary malignant tumor

A

C. Cavernous hemangioma

25
Q

An afebrile patient with a history of leukemia presents to the ultrasound department complaining of left upper quadrant pain. This sonogram of the spleen most likely documents:
a. candidiasis
b. primary malignant tumors
c. multiple splenic abscesses
d. metastatic disease

A

B. Primary malignant tumors

26
Q

Which of the following structures carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs?
a. platelet
b. lymphocyte
c. hematocrit
d. hemoglobin

A

d. Hemoglobin

27
Q

A hemangiosarcoma located in the spleen on ultrasound would appear as a(n):
a. anechoic or hypoechoic mass
b. hyperechoic or complex mass
c. hypoechoic or complex mass
d. isoechoic or hyperechoic mass

A

B. Hyperechoic or complex mass

28
Q

Which of the following is an indication for an ultrasound of the spleen?
a. fatigue
b. hypotension
c. weight gain
d. elevated serum amylase

A

A. Fatigue

29
Q

Which of the following splenic pathologies is associated with granulomatosis?
A. cysts
B. calcifications
C. cavernous hemangioma
D. cavernous lymphangioma

A

B. Calcifications

30
Q

A patient presents with a history of portal hypertension. The spleen is expected to demonstrate:
a. atrophy
b. enlargement
c. intraparenchymal calcifications
d. reversal of flow in the splenic vein

A

B. Splenomegaly

31
Q

Leukocytosis is defined as a white blood cell count:
a. below 4000
b. below 11,000
c. above 12,000
d. above 20,000

A

D. Above 20,000

32
Q

A hematoma located below the splenic capsule most commonly appears on ultrasound as a:
a. lateral anechoic mass
b. hypoechoic parenchymal mass
c. crescent-shaped fluid collection inferior to the diaphragm
d. loculated mass anterior to the left kidney

A

c. Crescent- shaped fluid collection inferior to the diaphragm

33
Q

Which of the following pathologies is associated with a “wheel within a wheel” appearance on ultrasound?
a. candidiasis
b. infarction
c. hemangiosarcoma
d. cystic lymphangiomatosis

A

A. Candidiasis

34
Q

Splenic infarction is most commonly associated with an embolism originating from which of the following structures?
a. heart
b. liver
c. spleen
d. pancreas

A

A. Heart

35
Q

Which of the following conditions is most likely to demonstrate an elevated hematocrit?
a. infection
b. leukemia
c. hemorrhage
d. overhydration

A

A. Infection

36
Q

Which of the following splenic regions is identified by arrow A?
a. superior portion
b. inferior portion
c. splenic hilum
d. anterior portion

A

Superior portion

37
Q

Which of the following splenic regions is identified by arrow B?
a. superior portion
b. inferior portion
c. splenic hilum
d. anterior portion

A

C. Splenic hilum

38
Q

Which of the following splenic regions is identified by arrow C?
a. superior portion
b. inferior portion
c. splenic hilum
d. posterior portion

A

B. Inferior portion

39
Q

Which of the following scanning planes is most likely demonstrated in this sonogram?
a. anterior
b. subcostal
c. transverse
d. coronal

A

D. Coronal

40
Q

Which of the following findings is most likely demonstrated in this sonogram of the left upper quadrant?
a. ascites
b. phlegmon
c. pleural effusion
d. hemoperitoneum

A

A. Ascites

41
Q

A patient arrives at the emergency department following a motor vehicle accident. An abdominal ultrasound is most likely ordered to evaluate for which of the following conditions?
a. pancreatitis
b. biliary obstruction
c. urinary obstruction
d. hemoperitoneum

A

D. Hemoperitoneum

42
Q

In which of the following conditions is the spleen enlarged as a child and atrophic as an adult?
a. lymphoma
b. sickle cell anemia
c. leukemia
d. polycythemia vera

A

B. Sickle cell anemia

43
Q

The splenic vein joins the superior mesenteric vein to form the:
a. coronary vein
b. hepatic vein
c. portal vein
d. gastric vein

A

C. Portal vein

44
Q

Leukopenia is defined as a white blood cell count:
a. below 4000
b. below 11,000
c. above 12,000
d. above 20,000

A

A. Below 4000

45
Q

Which of the following structures is recycled into iron by the spleen?
a. erythrocytes
b. platelets
c. leukocytes
d. hemoglobin

A

D. Hemoglobin

46
Q

Which of the following conditions is most likely associated with a decrease in leukocytes?
a. anemia
b. lymphoma
c. leukemia
d. malignancy

A

C. Leukaemia

47
Q

Normal hemoglobin levels should not exceed:
a. 5 g/dL
b. 10 g/dL
c. 20 g/dL
d. 50 g/dL

A

C. 20 g/dl

48
Q

In a 40-year-old patient, splenomegaly is suggested after the length of the spleen exceeds:
a. 7 cm
b. 11 cm
c. 13 cm
d. 18 cm

A

C. 13 cm

49
Q

Which of the following benign neoplasms is composed of lymphoid tissue?
a. lipoma
b. adenoma
c. hamartoma
d. cavernous hemangioma

A

B. Adenoma

50
Q

A patient with an accessory spleen will most likely present with which of the following symptoms?
a. dyspepsia
b. no symptoms
c. left upper quadrant pain
d. palpable abdominal mass

A

B. No symptoms

SONOCAN ABD Review (22 decks)

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