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SONOCAN ABD Review > Pancreas > Flashcards

Pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

Demonstration of he pancreatic head surrounding the duodenum is consistent with

  1. A phelgmon
  2. Ectopic pancreas tissue
  3. Pancreas division
  4. An annular pancreas
A
  1. An annular pancreas
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2
Q

Common clinical findings associated with acute pancreatitis include

  1. LUQ pain, flank pain, elevated glucose levels
  2. Severe epigastric pain, nausea/ vomiting, elevated bilirubin
  3. Paralytic ileus, severe epigastric pain, elevated serum lipase
  4. RUQ pain, nausea/ vomiting, elevated alkaline phosphatase
A
  1. Paralytic ileus, severe epigastric pain, elevated serum lipase
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3
Q

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for the breakdown of proteins into amino acids?

  1. Amylase
  2. Gastrin
  3. Lipase
  4. Trypsin
A
  1. Trypsin
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4
Q

The location of the uncinate process is described as

  1. Superior to the aorta
  2. Anterior to the MPV
  3. Posterior to the SMV
  4. Lateral to the GDA
A
  1. Posterior to the SMV
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5
Q

The most common complication associated with acute pancreatitis is

  1. Abscess
  2. Phelgmon
  3. Pseudocyst
  4. Bowel obstruction
A

Pseudocyst

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6
Q

Islet cells of langerhands secrete hormones directly into the:

  1. Duodenum
  2. Bloodstream
  3. Lymphatic circulation
  4. Main pancreatic duct
A
  1. Bloodstream
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7
Q

In a whipped procedure, normal pancreatic tissue is attached to the:

  1. Liver
  2. Stomach
  3. Duodenum
  4. CBD
A

Duodenum

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8
Q

Extension of pancreatic inflammation into the peri pancreatic tissue is called:

  1. Abscess
  2. Pseudocyst
  3. Phelgmon
  4. Annular pancreas
A
  1. Phelgmon
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9
Q

The most common cause of acute pancreatitis is:

  1. Alcohol abuse
  2. Biliary disease
  3. Hyperlipidemia
  4. Peptic ulcer disease
A
  1. Biliary disease
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10
Q

A 59 YO male inpatient presents with a history of acute pancreatitis. Based on this clinical history, the calliper s in this sonogram are most likely measuring a:

  1. Biloma
  2. Phelgmon
  3. Pseudocyst
  4. Duodenal obstruction
A
  1. Pseudocyst
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11
Q

Which of the following structures is demonstrated directly anterior to the SV.

  1. SA
  2. Pancreatic duct
  3. CBD
  4. GDA
A
  1. Pancreatic duct
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12
Q

Which of the following vascular structures does the arrow identify?

  1. Abdominal aorta
  2. SA
  3. LRV
  4. SMA
A
  1. Abdominal aorta
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13
Q

The findings in this sonogram are most suspicious for:

  1. Abscess
  2. Pseudocyst
  3. Malignant neoplasm
  4. Islet cell tumor
A
  1. Malignant neoplasm
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14
Q

The anechoic tubular structure demonstrated anterior to the SV is most likely:

  1. Gastric varix
  2. DIalted pancreatic duct
  3. Tortuous SA
  4. Enlarged SMV
A
  1. Dilated pancreatic duct
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15
Q

Pseudocyst s formation is most commonly located in which of the following recesses?

  1. Lesser sac
  2. Perirenal space
  3. Anterior pararenal space
  4. Subhepatic space
A
  1. Lesser sac
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16
Q

Which of the following enzymes changes fats into fatty acids and glycerol?

  1. Amylase
  2. Gastrin
  3. Lipase
  4. Trypsin
A
  1. Lipase
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17
Q

Which region of the pancreas is located most superiorly?

  1. Head
  2. Body
  3. Neck
  4. Tail
A
  1. Tail
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18
Q

Ectopic pancreatic tissue is most commonly located in which of the following organs?

  1. Liver
  2. Spleen
  3. Kidney
  4. Stomach
A
  1. Stomach
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19
Q

The pancreas and surrounding vascular landmarks should be examined from the level of the:

  1. Celiac axis to below the renal veins
  2. SMA to below the Renal artery’s
  3. MPV to below the renal veins
  4. SA to below the SMV
A
  1. Celiac axis to below the renal veins
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20
Q

Which of the following pathologies accounts for half of the cystic neoplasm involving the pancreas?

  1. Retention cyst
  2. Cystic fibrosis
  3. Polycystic disease
  4. Micro cystic cystadenoma
A
  1. Micro cystic cystadenoma
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21
Q

In acute pancreatitis, which of the following laboratory tests remains elevated longest?

  1. Lipase
  2. Amylase
  3. Bilirubin
  4. Glucose
A
  1. Lipase
22
Q

The main pancreatic duct is most commonly visualized in which section of the pancreas?

  1. Head
  2. Body
  3. Neck
  4. Tail
A
  1. Body
23
Q

The majority of non functioning islet cell tumors are

  1. Malignant
  2. Hyperechoic in echo texture
  3. Located in the head of the pancreas e
  4. Dependent on insulin levels
A
  1. Malignant
24
Q

Chronic pancreatitis is most likely to appear on U/S as

  1. Enlarged hypoechoic a crease with multiple parenchymal calcifications
  2. Hyperehoic enlarged pancreas with associated Pseudocyst formation
  3. Hypoechoic irregular pancreas with multiple parenchymal calcifications
  4. Hyperechoic pancreas with a prominent pancreatic duct and multiple parenchymal calcifications
A
  1. Hyperechooc pancreas with prominent pancreatic duct and multiple parenchymal calcifications
25
Q

Clinical findings commonly associated with pancreatic carcinoma may include

  1. Chest pain
  2. Weight gain
  3. New onset of diabetes s
  4. Intolerance to fatty foods
A
  1. New onset of diabetes
26
Q

A patient presents with a history of elevating insulin levels. Based on this history, the sonographic findings is most suspicious for:

  1. Adenoma
  2. Focal pancreatitis
  3. Islet cell tumors
  4. Adenocarcinoma
A
  1. Islet cell tumors
27
Q

The sonographic appearance of the pancreas is this asymptomatic patient is most suspicious for:

  1. A phlegmon
  2. Microlithiasis
  3. Chronic pancreatitis
  4. Normal pancreas parenchyma
A
  1. Chronic pancreatitis
28
Q

The Anechoic structure located in the lateral portion of the pancreatic head is the:

  1. CBD
  2. GDA
  3. CHD
  4. SMV
A

A CBD

29
Q

An endocrine function of the pancreas includes secretion of:

  1. Gastrin
  2. Lipase
  3. Insulin
  4. Trypsin
A
  1. Insulin
30
Q

Which of the following vascular landmarks is located superior to the pancreas:

  1. SV
  2. Celiac axis
  3. MPV
  4. SMA
A
  1. Celiac axis
31
Q

The tail of the pancreas Generally extends towards the:

  1. Stomach
  2. Splenic hilum
  3. Pararenal space
  4. Left Renal hilum
A
  1. Splenic hilum
32
Q

Which of the following vascular structures is used as a Sonographic landmark in located the tail of the pancreas

  1. SA
  2. LRV
  3. SV
  4. Portosplenic confluence
A
  1. LRV
33
Q

The diameter of the pancreatic duct in the head/neck region should not exceed

  1. 2mm
  2. 3mm
  3. 6mm
  4. 10mm
A
  1. 3mm
34
Q

Which of the following structures is responsible for the secretion of pancreatic enzymes?

  1. Beta cells
  2. Acinar cells
  3. Alpha cells
  4. Islet cells of langerhans
A
  1. Acinar cells
35
Q

Which of the following best describes the location of the pancreatic neck?

  1. Posterior to the SMV
  2. Superior to the celiac axis
  3. Anterior to the portosplenic confluence
  4. Posterior to the SMA
A
  1. Anterior to the portosplenic confluence
36
Q

The majority of the pancreatic malignancies involve which portion of the pancreas?

  1. Head
  2. Neck
  3. Body
  4. Tail
A
  1. Head
37
Q

In which section of the pancreas are islet cell tumors most commonly located?

  1. Body and tail
  2. Head and body
  3. Neck and body
  4. Head and tail
A
  1. Body and tail
38
Q

The secondary secretory duct of the pancreas is termed the duct of

  1. Vater
  2. Langerhans
  3. Santorini
  4. Wirsung
A
  1. Santorini
39
Q

Gain settings should be in place to demonstrate the normal adult pancreas as:

  1. Hypoechoic compared with the normal liver
  2. Hypoechoic compared with the normal renal cortex
  3. Hyperechoic compared with the normal spleen
  4. Isoechoic compared with the normal liver
A
  1. Isoechoic compared to the normal liver
40
Q

The SMV corresponds to which of the following letters?

  1. A
  2. B
  3. D
  4. E
A
  1. D
41
Q

The abdominal aorta corresponds to which of the following letters

  1. A
  2. B
  3. D
  4. E
A
  1. A
42
Q

The SMA corresponds to which of the following letters?

  1. A
  2. B
  3. D
  4. E
A
  1. B
43
Q

Letter B corresponds to which of the following vascular structure?

  1. SA
  2. Celiac Axis
  3. RRA
  4. SMA
A
  1. SMA
44
Q

Letter C corresponds to which of the following vascular structure?

  1. SV
  2. Coronary vein
  3. MPV
  4. SMV
A

MPV

45
Q

The majority of Cystadenoma involving the pancreas are located in the

  1. Body and tail
  2. Head and neck
  3. Head and body
  4. Uncinate process
A
  1. Body and tail
46
Q

The section of the pancreas lying most anterior is the

  1. Head
  2. Neck
  3. Body
  4. Tail
A

C. Body

47
Q

Which of the following structures should be evaluated when multiple cysts are discovered in the pancreas?

  1. Kidneys, liver, spleen
  2. Kidney, liver, adrenal glands
  3. Spleen, kidneys, ovaries/ testes
  4. Liver, spleen, abdominal aorta
A
  1. Kidney, liver, spleen
48
Q

Rapid progression of pancreatic inflammation is a compilation associated with:

  1. Acute cholecystitis
  2. Cystic fibrosis
  3. Acute pancreatitis
  4. Biliary obstruction
A
  1. Acute pancreatitis
49
Q

Sheath of muscle fibres surrounding the distal CBD describes the

  1. Ampulla of vater
  2. Minor papilla
  3. Sphincter of oddi
  4. Major papilla
A

C. Sphincter of oddi

50
Q

The leakage of pancreatic enzymes into the surrounding peritoneal spaces describes a

  1. Abscess
  2. Seroma
  3. Pseudocyst
  4. Phlegmon
A

C. Psuedocyst

SONOCAN ABD Review (22 decks)

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