SPECIFIC SYMPTOMS OF THE DIGITS

Question 1

• Contracture deformity of digits secondary to changes in intrinsic muscles over a long period of time
• More commonly seen in pronated feet

Answer 1

Hammer toes

Question 2

• Commonly seen in cavus feet secondary to high declination angle of mets
• May also be seen in severely pronated feet where mets are unstable
• Will see callus formation at the PIPJ
• Plantar fat pad displaced anteriorly will result in shear callus under met heads
• Also have callus on tips of digits due to being only weight bearing part of toe

Answer 2

Claw Toes

Question 3

• Only has contracture at distal phalanx (plantarflexed)

Answer 3

Mallet toes

Question 4

results of a hypermobile 1st ray

• Hallux is everted or rotated into valgus
• First stage of HAV
• Caused by pronated foot resulting in hypermobile 1st ray
• Adductor hallucis gains mechanical advantage → pulls hallux into a valgus position

Answer 4

Hallux valgus

Question 5

results of a hypermobile 1st ray

• Inability to dorsiflex hallux 65⁰ at MPJ
• 1st ray must plantarflex in order for hallux to dorsiflex the 65-75⁰ required for propulsion

Answer 5

Hallux Limitus

Question 6

The shape of the 1st met head can dictate if the patient will have

Answer 6

valgus or limitus

Question 7

limitus vs valgus

Square with central ridge (more stable) will almost always have

Round usually has

Answer 7

limitus

valgus