FORCES AND FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY TERMS Flashcards
all the motion of the foot produces force against the ground
ground reactive forces
this foot supports body weight as the center of gravity of the body passes in linear progression above the foot
vertical forces, ground reactive forces
this occurs when stress causes one part to slide over another because of a blow or significant impact
linear shear forces, ground reactive forces
what is posterior shear force?
soft tissue is pulled backwards relative to the calcaneus
what is anterior shear force?
caused by heel lift and push off of propulsion
when forces produce a turning effect, also observed as a moment
torque
produced by side to side motion of the trunk?
lateral shear
results due to lack of osseous stability or muscles lack to resist abnormal motion
abnormal shear
this has a primary role in shock absorption and terrain adaptation
medial column
this has a primary role in balance
lateral column
this occurs when the axis of a joint is deviated to become more perpendicular to a certain plane, then motion in that plane will be dominant
planar dominance
what are lateral ankle ligaments useful for?
provide emergency stability for ankle in response to subtalar inversion, preventing subluxation
this structure help to supinate the STJ during the propulsive phases?
windlass mechanism for plantar fascia
name this locking position of the MTJ?
presented an idea that the two components of the MTJ, talonavicular and calcaneocuboid, each have two axis
effman
name this locking position of the MTJ?
presented when the STJ is held in a neutral position and pronation of the MTJ stops which leads to loading of the lateral column
root
name this locking position of the MTJ?
states that the MTJ consists of the navicular and cuboid rotating around the talus along with the calcaneus
huson
name this locking position of the MTJ?
states the MTJ relates that the navicular and cuboid move as a single unit
nester and findlow
name this compensatory ontogenetic dysfunction
resulting from the retention of varus torsion of the talar head and neck
congenital forefoot varus
name this compensatory ontogenetic dysfunction
no subtalar eversion to equalize ground forces on the forefoot
uncompensated forefoot varus
name this compensatory ontogenetic dysfunction
enough subtalar eversion to equalize ground forces on the forefoot
compensated forefoot varus
name this compensatory ontogenetic dysfunction
some subtalar eversion. but not enough to completely equalize ground forces on forefoot
partially compensated forefoot varus
foot can’t dorsiflex the 10 degrees needed at midstance in relation to the tibia
equines
congenital resulting from excessive valgus torsion of the head and neck of the talus relative to the body of the talus
forefoot valgus
plane of met head 1 and 5 everted to the rearfoot
plantar flexed 1st ray
name this abnormal STJ loading
caused by external forces, widened bae of gait for heavy lifting causes this and forces increased toward pronating the STJ
tibial valgus or heel valgus
medial loading
name this abnormal STJ loading
forces directed laterally due to inverted nature of calcaneus and so the STJ pronates to get rest of foot to the ground
forefoot valgus
lateral loading
name this gear
transverse axis made of met heads 1 and 2
operates for high speed motion or propulsion
high gear
name this gear
oblique axis Mae of a line from met heads 2-5
operates for low speed power
low gear
this is a type of auto support
resists bending
beam
this is a type of auto support
supports a structure, braces it, makes it rigid
truss
