Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology > Special Senses > Flashcards

Special Senses Flashcards

1
Q

Types of cells within a taste bud

A

Sensory cells/taste receptor cell, supporting/sustenitacular cells and basal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Taste receptor cells

A

Apical microvilli with chemoreceptors at the apical pore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sustentactular cells

A

Supporting sensory cells

May also be a stage in the development of the sensory cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Basal cells of the taste bud

A

Act a stem cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens when an appropriate chemical enters the taste pore

A

It binds and its receptor causes a release of a neurotransmitter from the sensory cells that stimulate sensory nerve endings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

5 different tastes

A

Sweet, sour, bitter, salty and umani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Olfactory epithelium

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cell types of olfactory epithelium

A

Olfactory receptor cells, support cells, receptor cells and basal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Olfactory receptor cells

A

Bipolar neurones and their nuclei are typically in the middle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Support cells of olfactory epithelium

A

Provide mechanical and metabolic support to the neurones

Nuclei in the basal part of epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Basal cells of olfactory epithelium

A

Act as stem cells

Nuclei in the basal part of the epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Receptor cells of olfactory epithelium

A

Have an olfactory vesicle that extends above the epithelium with non-motile cilia attached
Receptors on the cilia respond to odorants that we can detect and depolarise the cell, producing an action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Path of axons from olfactory receptor cells

A

Out of epithelium in bundles, through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone and into the olfactory bulb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do the olfactory support cells secrete

A

Odorant binding proteins and enzymes that have a role in deactivating odorants to terminate their effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the olfactory mucosa consist of

A

Olfactory epithelium and the underlying lamina propria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lamina propria of olfactory mucosa

A

Contains connective tissue, blood vessels for warming the air, Bowman’s glands and bundles of axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Function of Bowman’s glands

A

Produce a serous secretion that is released at the surface via ducts and dissolves odorants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Type of gland of Bowman’s gland

A

Tuboalveolar gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the pinna of the ear and external auditory meautus covered by

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Characteristic of ear canal

A

Hairy skin with sebaceous glands and modified apocrine sweat glands

21
Q

Name of modified sweat glands in the ear canal

A

Cervminous glands

22
Q

What do the cervminous glands produce

A

Cervmin - a yellowish waxy substance

23
Q

Layers of the tympanic membrane

A

Outer layer of thin epidermis, middle layer of collagenous connective tissue and an inner layer of simple cuboidal epithelium

24
Q

How many turns does the cochlea undergo

A

2.5

25
Q

Name for the centre of the cochlea

A

Modiolus

26
Q

Ganglion in the cochlea

A

Spiral ganglion - made of bipolar nerve cell bodies

27
Q

Three compartments of the cochlea

A

Scala vestibule, cochlear duct and scala tympani

28
Q

Name for the very tip of cochlea and what communicates here

A

Helicotrema and the scala vestibule and scala tympani

29
Q

What does sound transduce through

A

Hair cells within the organ of Corti

30
Q

What does the organ of corti sit on

A

The basilar membrane

31
Q

Are high or low frequencies responded to at the tip of the cochlea

A

Low

32
Q

Sets of hair cells

A

3-5 rows of outer hair cells

1 row of inner hair cells

33
Q

What are the support cell of the hair cells called

A

Phalangeal cells

34
Q

What do vibrations in the basilar membrane cause

A

Specialised stereocilia on the apical ends of the hair cells to move against the overlying tectorial membrane

35
Q

What does deformation of the stereocilia on the hair cells cause

A

Opening of ion channels that depolarise the hair cell which causes the release of neurotransmitters that cause action potentials in the spiral ganglion

36
Q

What are the main hair receptors

A

Inner hair cells

37
Q

How is position and motion of the head determined

A

Through the hair cells in the utricle, saccule and semicircular canals

38
Q

The utricle and saccule determine

A

Head position

39
Q

The semicircular canals determine

A

Head movement

40
Q

Swelling within the semicircular ducts

A

Ampulla

41
Q

What is within the ampulla

A

A sensory organ called the crista ampullaris

42
Q

Structure of the crista ampullaris

A

Core of connective tissue bulging into the lumen with a covering of epithelium containing hair cells with stereocilia

43
Q

What are the stereocilia of the CA embedded in

A

A dome of gelatinous material called copula

44
Q

What is contained within the hair cells of the vestibular system

A

Cilium in addition to the stereocilia

45
Q

Stereocilia + cilium =

A

Kinocilium

46
Q

What are the utricle and saccule

A

Two swellings in the vestibule

47
Q

What lines the utricle and saccule

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium with a small patch of sensory epithelium called the macule

48
Q

What are the stereocilia of the saccule and utricle embedded in

A

Gelatinous layer which has crystals of calcium carbonate and protein called otoconia

Histology (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions