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Histology > Salivary Glands And Oral Tissue > Flashcards

Salivary Glands And Oral Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three types of oral mucosa

A

Lining mucosa, masticatory mucosa and specialised mucosa

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2
Q

What does the oral mucosa consist of

A

Stratified squamous epithelium, a lamina propria of dense connective tissue and a submucosa of loose connective tissue

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3
Q

Where is masticatory mucosa found

A

Covering the hard palate and gingiva

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4
Q

Characteristic of masticatory mucosa

A

It is keratinised or para-keratinised

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5
Q

Where is lining mucosa found

A

Inside of the lips, lining the buccal surfaces, covering the soft palate, covering the floor of the mouth and inner surface of the tongue

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6
Q

Is lining mucosa keratinised

A

No

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7
Q

Dorsum of the tongue

A

Keratinised epithelium and numerous papillae

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8
Q

Is the vermillion border of the lips keratinised

A

Yes

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9
Q

Orientations of intrinsic skeletal muscle in the tongue

A

Longitudinal, transverse and vertical

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10
Q

Epithelium of dorsum of tongue

A

Keratinised stratified squamous

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11
Q

Lamina propria of dorsum of the tongue

A

Dense irregular connective tissue that ties the epithelium to the underlying muscle

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12
Q

What are the four types of papillae

A

Filliform, fungiform, foliate and circumvallate

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13
Q

Characteristics of filiform

A

Conical shaped with no taste buds

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14
Q

Characteristics of fungiform

A

Blunt with taste buds

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15
Q

Characteristics of folite

A

Slit-like at the margin of the tongue with taste buds

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16
Q

Characteristics of circumvillate

A

Large, dome-shaped with a cleft surrounding them with taste buds at the margin of the papillae

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17
Q

What are taste buds

A

Multicellular chemoreceptive units that span the epithelium

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18
Q

What is saliva involved in

A

Protection, buffering, tooth integrity, antimicrobial activity, digestion and taste

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19
Q

What does the fluid component of saliva do

A

Flush away non-adhesive bacteria, debris and sugar

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20
Q

Function of mucins

A

Provide lubrication for oral tissues to move

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21
Q

Function of bicarbonate

A

Protects the teeth from bacterial acids

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22
Q

Function of calcium and phosphate

A

Helps enamel to mature and increases hardness and resistance to demineralisation

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23
Q

What aids in the formation and swallowing of a food bolus

A

Fluid and mucin components of saliva

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24
Q

What begins the process of breaking down food

A

Enzymes such as amylase

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25
Q

What are the 3 major salivary glands

A

Parotid, submandibular and sublingual

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26
Q

Where are the major salivary glands located

A

Outside the oral cavity

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27
Q

Where are the minor salivary glands located

A

In the oral mucosa - typically in the submucosa

28
Q

Where do the ducts from the minor salivary glands open onto

A

The mucosal surface

29
Q

What is the stroma of salivary glands

A

A tough connective tissue capsule with septa of connective tissue that subdivide the glands

30
Q

What travels within the septa of salivary glands

A

Blood vessels, nerves and major ducts

31
Q

What is the parenchyma of salivary glands composed of

A

Compound tuboacinar glands

32
Q

What are the secretory elements of the salivary glands

A

Serous acini, mucous acini and mixed acini

33
Q

How is secretion produced

A

By merocrine secretion

34
Q

How does merocrine secretion occur

A

By exocytosis

35
Q

What are the different types of duct morphology

A

Simple and compound

36
Q

What are the different types of arrangement of secretory elements

A

Tuboacinar

37
Q

How can glands be classified

A

By duct morphology and arrangement of secretory elements

38
Q

What type of glands are salivary glands

A

Compound tuboacinar glands

39
Q

Different classification of secretory elements in salivary glands

A

Serous and mucous

40
Q

What do serous cells secrete

A

Thin watery secretion that contains proteins and ions

41
Q

What do mucous cells secrete

A

Mucin which consists of a protein core that is highly decorated with sugar residues - this results in a viscous, sticky secretion

42
Q

Cells of the serous acini

A

Wedge shaped with a prominent nucleus in the basal part of the cell
Have extensive rER and a granular appearance due to the apical secretory vesicles

43
Q

Cells of the mucous acini

A

Found in the tubular element of the tuboacinar glandular structure
Have large number of secretory granules packing the cytoplasm

44
Q

What happens to the nucleus in routine staining

A

Typically pushed to the basal surface of the cell by granules

45
Q

What is a serous demilune

A

An artifact present in staining

46
Q

What do the population of epithelial cells surrounding the secretory cells of salivary glands do

A

Contract

47
Q

What does the acinus empty into

A

Intercalated duct

48
Q

Intercalated duct epithelium

A

Simple cuboidal

49
Q

What does the intercalated duct empty into

A

Striated duct

50
Q

Cells of striated duct

A

Columnar with their nucleus in a central position and have prominent striations at the basal surface

51
Q

What are the striations within a striated duct

A

Infoldings of the cell membrane accompanied by lines of mitochondria

52
Q

Why do striated ducts require mitochondria

A

To power the molecular pumps

53
Q

What cells do striated ducts pump out/in

A

Na+ ~ out

K+ and HCO-3 ~ in

54
Q

What is the net effect of ions being taken out/added into the saliva

A

A hypotonic saliva

55
Q

What are both intercalated and striated ducts

A

Interlobular

56
Q

What do striated ducts empty into

A

Secretory ducts

57
Q

Where are secretory ducts found

A

Within the connective tissue

58
Q

Lining of secretory ducts

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with tall columnar cells and small basal cells

59
Q

Function of the small basal cells

A

Stem cells

60
Q

Lining of merged duct

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

61
Q

What is the main form of minor salivary glands

A

Mucous

62
Q

Examples of minor secretory glands

A

Lingual, minor sublingual, labial, palatine and buccal

63
Q

What are the entirely serous minor glands

A

Von Ebners glands

64
Q

Where are von Ebner’s glands found

A

Associated with circumvillate and foliate papillae and open into the cleft

65
Q

What is the function of the secretion from von Ebner’s

A

Help to dissolve food molecules to aid taste and also keep the cleft flushed to allow for the next taste

Histology (22 decks)

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