Soft Tissue Knee Injuries

Question 1

which meniscus is immobile?

Answer 1

medial

Question 2

which meniscus’s plateau is more concave than the other?

Answer 2

medial

Question 3

which direction does the tibia rotate in on flexion?

Answer 3

internally

Question 4

which direction does the tibia rotate in on extension?

Answer 4

externally

Question 5

which meniscus is under the most shear stress?

Answer 5

medial

Question 6

which side would valgus stress come from?

Answer 6

lateral

Question 7

what side would varus stress come from?

Answer 7

medial

Question 8

which ligament resists internal rotation of the tibia in extension?

Answer 8

ACL

Question 9

which ligament resists subluxation of the femur?

Answer 9

PCL

Question 10

which is the thinner of the medial and lateral collateral ligaments?

Answer 10

lateral

Question 11

is the MCL or LCL more likely to heal and why?

Answer 11

MCL, has better blood supply

Question 12

why do patients with a PCL rupture have trouble descending stairs?

Answer 12

femur too anterior and tibia too posterior

Question 13

test for PCL function?

Answer 13

drawer test

Question 14

what causes a bucket handle tear?

Answer 14

extensive longitudinal tear of meniscus

Question 15

effect of a bucket handle tear?

Answer 15

limits extension so promotes locking

Question 16

who tends to get meniscal tears and what from?

Answer 16

young people; getting up from squatting position or sport

Question 17

which other ligament rupture is a meniscal tear commonly associated with?

Answer 17

ACL

Question 18

investigation for meniscal tear?

Answer 18

MRI

Question 19

are lateral or medial meniscal tears more common?

Answer 19

medial

Question 20

do bucket handle or radial meniscal tears heal?

Answer 20

only bucket handle

Question 21

treatment for an acute meniscal tear in a young person?

Answer 21

arthroscopy

arthroscopic menisectomy if failure to repair

Question 22

is a radial meniscal tear sore?

Answer 22

no because no nerves

Question 23

what structure in the knee does getting up from a squatting position affect?

Answer 23

posterior horn of the medial meniscus

Question 24

what should the menisci look like on an MRI?

Answer 24

bow tie

Question 25

what would you suspect in an acute locked knee?

Answer 25

displaced bucket handle meniscal tear

Question 26

how would you treat a displaced bucket handle meniscal tear?

Answer 26

arthroscopy | if irreparable: partial menisectomy

Question 27

why do patients have locked knees in a bucket handle meniscal tear?

Answer 27

cartilage is jammed in the notch stopping the knee from extending

Question 28

should you operate on a degenerative meniscal tear?

Answer 28

no

Question 29

what condition does a degenerative meniscal tear allude to?

Answer 29

1st stage of OA

Question 30

what is a sprain?

Answer 30

tearing some fibres but macroscopic structure in tact

Question 31

treatment for MCL rupture?

Answer 31

brace early motion physio surgery RARELY

Question 32

who tends to get ACL ruptures?

Answer 32

sports people, mostly females

Question 33

can you repair an ACL?

Answer 33

no, can only reconstruct

Question 34

how successful is life after an ACL rupture?

Answer 34

1/3 chance of: functioning well avoid certain activities can't compensate

Question 35

when should you do surgery for ACL rupture?

Answer 35

not responding to physio very sporty person young

Question 36

how long does rehabilitation for an ACL rupture take?

Answer 36

3 months to a year

Question 37

what nerve palsies are associated with LCL injury?

Answer 37

common peroneal nerve and fibular nerve palsy

Question 38

does the LCL heal after injury?

Answer 38

no

Question 39

what other injuries does an LCL injury commonly occur along with?

Answer 39

PCL/ACL injury

Question 40

treatment for LCL injury?

Answer 40

urgent repair if complete rupture | reconstruction

Question 41

what injury commonly causes a PCL rupture?

Answer 41

direct blow to anterior tibia | hyperextension

Question 42

clinical presentation of PCL rupture?

Answer 42

popliteal knee pain | bruising

Question 43

is a knee dislocation serious?

Answer 43

yes

Question 44

complications of a knee dislocation?

Answer 44

popliteal artery injury nerve injury compartment syndrome

Question 45

how can you get ischaemia from a knee dislocation?

Answer 45

ruptured popliteal artery forms clot

Question 46

cause of a patellar dislocation?

Answer 46

direct blow | rapid turn

Question 47

who tends to get patellar dislocation?

Answer 47

young females

Question 48

most common way to get an extensor mechanism rupture?

Answer 48

fall onto flexed knee with quads contraction

Question 49

which knee test is positive for people with an extensor mechanism rupture

Answer 49

straight leg raise

Question 50

most common injury causing an MCL rupture?

Answer 50

valgus

Question 51

most common injury causing an ACL/meniscal injury?

Answer 51

twisting

Question 52

most common injury causing an LCL rupture?

Answer 52

varus

Question 53

most common injury causing a PCL rupture?

Answer 53

dashboard | hyperextension

Question 54

most common injury causing a meniscal injury?

Answer 54

meniscal tear

Question 55

what injury causes a POP when affected

Answer 55

ACL

Question 56

what injury causes a CRACK when affected

Answer 56

fracture

Question 57

which injuries typically cause a haemarthrosis?

Answer 57

ACL rupture | fracture

Question 58

which injuries typically cause an effusion?

Answer 58

meniscal/chondral injury

Question 59

what would pain in the joint line indicate?

Answer 59

meniscal/chondral injury

Question 60

what would pain all over the knee indicate?

Answer 60

haemarthrosis

Question 61

Football injury, twist, pop, haemarthrosis, generalised pain, pain settles after a few days, rotatory instability?

Answer 61

ACL rupture

Question 62

Getting up from squatting, sudden sharp pain medial joint line, effusion, recurrent medial pain, catching +/- locking?

Answer 62

meniscal tear