Histology Flashcards
what is 200,000um in mm
200mm
where is the nucleus located in a skeletal muscle cell?
on the edge
where is the nucleus located in cardiac muscle cells?
middle
what comprises muscle tissue?
muscle cells
connective tissue
what is the cell membrane called in muscles?
sarcolemma
what is a group of muscle fibres called?
fascicle
what is the connective tissue that surrounds the muscle as a whole called?
epimysium
what is the connective tissue that surrounds a single fascicle called?
perimysium
what is the connective tissue surrounding a single muscle fibre called?
endomysium
name the constituents of muscle from the smallest component to the largest
sarcomere myofibril (lots of sarcomeres) muscle fibre fascicle muscle
what makes up the striations of skeletal muscle fibres
consecutive z lines of sarcomeres
how are bones nourished?
via blood vessels pervading the tissue
how is cartilage nourished
diffusion through ECM
what is the space called that chondrocytes live in
lacuna
3 types of cartilage
hyaline
elastic
fibrocartilage
example of elastic cartilage
ear
where would you find hyaline cartilage
articular surfaces
tracheal rings
costal cartilage
epiphyseal growth plates
what type of bone makes up the epiphysis
trabecular bone
what type of bone makes up the shaft (diaphysis)
cortical bone
main difference between compact and trabecular bone
trabecular has marrow cavities (spaces) adjacent to it, also lacks haversion canals
name the living cells in bone
osteocytes
where do osteocytes live
lacunae
name the structure that encompasses lamellar bone layers and a haversion canal
osteon
what are volkmann’s canals?
any blood vessels that deliver blood to the bone
what is an osteon surrounded by?
cement lines
what are osteoprogenitor cells and where do they live?
serve as a pool of reserve osteoblasts, located on bone surfaces
what are osteoblasts?
bone forming cells
what organelles are particularly plentiful in osteoblasts
mitochondria
RER
what are osteocytes
bone cell trapped within bone matrix
what are osteoclasts
large multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption aka drilling
what type of cell creates the tunnel in bone to make room for blood vessels
osteoclasts
what type of cell lines the tunnel and makes new bone around the vessel
osteoblasts
what is a basic multicellular unit?
collection of osteoclasts and osteoblasts that participate in bone remodelling
what is osteoid?
secreted collagen, GAGs, proteoglycans and organics from osteoblasts
what is the name of the bone laid down during development/breakage?
woven bone
