Role of USS, CT, MRI in Imaging Trauma

Question 1

what risks are posed to someone with an immobilised lower limb?

Answer 1

dehydration
starvation
DVT
PE
pneumonia

Question 2

why is CT better than x ray?

Answer 2

is cross sectional so dont get overlap of anatomical structures or limitations due to plane

Question 3

best imaging for superficial soft tissue structures?

Answer 3

USS

Question 4

typical sites of impacted fractures?

Answer 4

femoral neck
tibial plateau
calcaneus

Question 5

what most commonly causes a pelvic ring fracture?

Answer 5

road traffic accident

fall from height

Question 6

who tends to get pelvic ring fractures?

Answer 6

young people

Question 7

first line test for people with 1 fracture?

Answer 7

x ray

Question 8

first line test for people with multiple fractures?

Answer 8

CT

Question 9

who commonly gets low energy pelvic ring fractures?

Answer 9

old people with OA after a fall

Question 10

where do fractures of the pelvic ring tend to occur

Answer 10

sacrum

pubic rami

Question 11

most common pelvic sports injuries?

Answer 11

muscle tear

tendon avulsion

Question 12

is hip dislocation typically anterior or posterior?

Answer 12

posterior

Question 13

what associated fracture do you get with hip dislocation?

Answer 13

acetabular rim fracture

Question 14

complications of hip dislocation?

Answer 14

femoral head AVN

early OA

Question 15

do intra or extracapsular fractures interfere with blood supply to femoral head?

Answer 15

intracapsular

Question 16

do you get femoral head AVN in extracapsular or intracapsular?

Answer 16

intra

Question 17

how do you treat extracapsular fractures?

Answer 17

internal fixation by dynamic hip screw

Question 18

how do you treat intracapsular fractures?

Answer 18

hemiarthoplasty

could try screw fixation

Question 19

are femoral shaft fractures obvious on x rays?

Answer 19

yes

Question 20

what soft tissues of the knee should be examined

Answer 20

patellar tendon
quadriceps tendon
suprapatellar fat space

Question 21

associated symptoms of knee soft tissue injury?

Answer 21

effusion

Question 22

what structure is commonly affected by a tibial plateau fracture?

Answer 22

lateral condyle

Question 23

what knee soft tissue injuries are well imaged by US?

Answer 23

quadriceps

patellar tendon tear

Question 24

what knee soft tissue injuries are well imaged by MRI?

Answer 24

meniscal tear
cruciate/collateral/ligamentous injuries
hyaline cartilage damage
subtle fracture

Question 25

which condition is associated with a locked knee?

Answer 25

meniscal tear

Question 26

is hyaline cartilage damage visible on x ray?

Answer 26

no

Question 27

what injury mechanism typically causes ankle injury?

Answer 27

inversion | eversion

Question 28

what imaging is best for complex ankle fractures?

Answer 28

CT

Question 29

what fracture's symptoms can mask a 5th metatarsal base fracture?

Answer 29

lateral malleolar fracture

Question 30

what does calcaneal compression fracture look like on x ray?

Answer 30

loss of the peak | increased bone density

Question 31

best imaging for a calcaneal fracture?

Answer 31

CT

Question 32

are sesamoid bones more common in upper or lower limb

Answer 32

lower

Question 33

which metatarsal has a longitudinal accessory ossification centre at its base?

Answer 33

5th

Question 34

where would you find the fabella?

Answer 34

posterior to distal femur

Question 35

what is the fabella?

Answer 35

sesamoid bone within the lateral head of gastrocnemius

Question 36

what is the os trigonum?

Answer 36

accessory ossification centre

Question 37

where is the os trigonum seen?

Answer 37

posterior to the talus

Question 38

where are rounded sesamoid bones found most commonly on the foot?

Answer 38

medial and lateral plantar aspects of 1st metatarsal head

Question 39

best imaging for ankle tendon rupture?

Answer 39

USS