Clinical Skills: Hip and Shoulder Flashcards
what would you expect to see in the affected leg of a patient with a fracture of the neck of the femur?
externally rotated foot
shortened leg
bruising
severe pain
how would deal with a fracture of the neck of the femur?
analgesia
morphine
X ray
why is the shoulder more likely to dislocate than the hip?
socket is shallow so ball doesnt fit as well
do shoulder dislocations most ocmmonly happen anteriorly or posteriorly?
anteriorly
what does a poditive sulcus sign look like?
squared off as muscles are laxed
what does the subscapularis do?
internal rotation
what does the supraspinatus do?
abduction up to 15 degrees
what does the infraspinatus do?
external rotation
what does the teres minor do?
external rotation
instability tests for shoulder?
sulcus test
anterior/posterior draw test
anterior/posterior apprehension test
impingement tests for shoulder?
Painful arc on abduction
Hawkins-Kennedy test
Jobes test
Scarf test
what does the scarf test look for?
ACJ pathology/ OA
what does the jobes test look for?
supraspinatus tear
what angle is muscle pain experienced at in painful arc syndrome?
80-150 degrees
what nerve is hip to knee referral pain from?
obturator nerve
where is hip pain typically felt and why?
groin
knee if child
trochanter if bursitis
buttock if SI joint
what is the cause of a trendelenburg gait?
weakness in the abductors
what nerve’s damage is commonly the cause of a trendelenburg gait?
superior gluteal nerve
does sufe need an operation?
yes
does perthes need an operation?
no
symptoms of SUFE?
knee pain in an obese child
what causes perthes?
avascular necrosis of the femoral head
what would happen to movement in a supraspinatus tear?
can’t initiate abduction
what arm movement goes first in OA?
internal rotation
what age do people usually get a rotator cuff tear?
elderly
treatment for a shoulder impingement?
analgesics
mobilisation
if still bad after 3 months, steroid into subacromial space
how does a shoulder progress into frozen shoulder?
bad pain but movement fine
pain gets worse, movement worse
pain goes, no movement
how long can a frozen shoulder take to settle?
12-18 months
treatment for frozen shoulder?
injected steroids
manipulation under anaesthesia
where are steroids injected into in frozen shoulder?
glenohumeral joint
