Soc9 Long Term Effects Of Exercise

Question 1

What are 3 long term effects of exercise on the lungs?

Answer 1

Increased lung volume and vital capacity
Increased number of alveoli
Increased strength of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles.

Question 2

What are the 4 long-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal system?

Answer 2

• Increased strength of ligaments and tendons.
• Increased bone density - helps prevent osteoporosis (weakening of bones)
• Muscle hypertrophy - the growth and increase of the size of muscle cells
• Adaptation - the body adapts to training by increasing the ability to cope with those loads

Question 3

What are the 5 long-term effects of exercise on the heart?

Answer 3

Size and strength of the heart - training increases the heart muscles in size, thickness and strength.
Increased resting stroke volume - stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped by your heart per beat. When you exercise regularly, your stroke volume increase, both at rest and at work
Maximum Cardiac output - the amount of blood ejected from your heart in one minute. Cardiac output (CO) = stroke volume (SV) X heart rate (HR).
Decreased resting heart rate - your heart gets bigger/ stronger with training, so it can supply the same amount of blood with fewer beats.
Faster recovery rate - heart recovery rate is the speed at which your heart returns to RHR after you exercise. The faster your recovery rate, the fitter you are.

Question 4

What are the 3 long-term effects of exercise on the blood?

Answer 4

Increased number of capillaries in your muscles and helps your blood vessels more elastic, flexible and efficient.
Increased number of red blood cells - These cells carry oxygen to the muscles, so having higher red blood cell count can improve their performance.
Drop in resting blood pressure - regular exercise reduces blood pressure due to the muscular wall of the veins and arteries becoming more elastic.