skull

Question 1

skull =

Answer 1

cranium + mandible

Question 2

what are the two parts of the cranium?

Answer 2

neurocranium & viscerocranium

Question 3

neurocranium

Answer 3

cranial vault, bony covering of brain containing cranial nerves

Question 4

what are the two parts of the neurocranium?

Answer 4

calvarium (skull cap) & basicranium (cranial base)

Question 5

what bones form the neurocranium?

Answer 5

4 unpaired: frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital
2 paired: parietals, temporals

Question 6

sutures

Answer 6

immovable, fibrous joints, very strong joints that hold the bones together

Question 7

viscerocranium

Answer 7

bones of the facial skeleton

Question 8

what are the bones that make up the viscerocranium?

Answer 8

3 unpaired: mandible, ethmoid, vomer
6 paired: maxillae, inferior nasal conchae, zygomatics, palatines, nasals, lacrimals

Question 9

frontal bone

Answer 9

forms forehead, roofs the orbits, superciliary arches (eyebrows), contains frontal paranasal sinuses

Question 10

parietal bones and sutures

Answer 10

parietal bones articulate with other cranial bones
coronal suture- meets frontal bone
squamous suture- meets temporal bone
sagittal suture- meet superiorly in midline
lamboid suture- meet occipital bone

Question 11

sutural bones

Answer 11

develop between major cranial bones during fetal period & persist through life, irregular in shape, size, location

Question 12

occipital bone

Answer 12

forms posterior portion of cranium & cranial base, articulates with temporal and parietal bones, foramen magnum located at base

Question 13

nuchal lines

Answer 13

anchor muscles of neck and back, occipital bone feature

Question 14

temporal bones

Answer 14

houses ear, inferior to parietal bones

Question 15

sphenoid bone

Answer 15

between bones of cranial vault and bones of face, spans width of cranial floor, greater wings, lesser wings, pytergoid processes

Question 16

ethmoid bone

Answer 16

light & spongy bone between nasal and sphenoid bones

Question 17

mandible

Answer 17

body- anchors lower teeth and forms chin
rami- project superolaterally from body
coronoid process- insertion for temporalis
mandibular condyle- articulates with temporal bone to form TMJ

Question 18

maxillary bones

Answer 18

forms upper jaw and central part of facial skeleton, contains maxillary sinuses (largest paranasal air sinuses)

Question 19

zygomatic bones

Answer 19

form lateral wall of orbits and prominences of cheeks

Question 20

nasal bones

Answer 20

form bridge of nose

Question 21

lacrimal bones

Answer 21

delicate bones in medial orbital walls

Question 22

palatine bones

Answer 22

posterior to maxillae and complete the posterior part of hard palate

Question 23

vomer

Answer 23

slender bone in nasal cavity forming inferior part of nasal septum

Question 24

inferior nasal conchae

Answer 24

thin, curved bones that project medially from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

Question 25

smaller cavities contained in the skull

Answer 25

middle & inner ear nasal orbital air-filled sinuses

Question 26

foramina

Answer 26

passage of nerves and blood vessels between cavities

Question 27

fontanelles

Answer 27

allow for skull compression during childbirth and brain expansion during postnatal growth

Question 28

synchondroses

Answer 28

immovable, cartilaginous joints between bones of skull base