digestive system practical

Question 1

buccinator

Answer 1

inserts into wall of cheek

Question 2

where does the esophagus get most of its blood supply?

Answer 2

from the aorta

Question 3

rugae

Answer 3

longitudinal folds allow digestion

Question 4

where does the stomach push its contents to?

Answer 4

pylorus and duodenum

Question 5

parietal peritoneum

Answer 5

lines the body wall

Question 6

visceral peritoneum

Answer 6

covers external surfaces of most digestive organs

Question 7

mesentery

Answer 7

fold of peritoneum that attaches organs to posterior body wall

Question 8

lesser omentum

Answer 8

connects stomach to liver

Question 9

greater omentum

Answer 9

connects stomach to surrounding organs

Question 10

omentum

Answer 10

fold of peritoneum that connects organ to stomach or the anterior body wall

Question 11

ligament

Answer 11

fold of peritoneum that connects two organs together

Question 12

three subdivisions of the small intestine

Answer 12

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 13

what is the function of the stomach

Answer 13

mechanical breakdown of food churned into chyme by peristalsis

Question 14

what is the function of the small intestine

Answer 14

nutrient absorption, enzyme digestion

Question 15

what is the function of the large intestine

Answer 15

absorption and compaction

Question 16

teniae coli

Answer 16

3 thickened bands of longitudinal smooth muscle fibers

Question 17

haustra

Answer 17

pouches of colon between teniae

Question 18

parts of the colon in order

Answer 18

ascending –> transverse –> descending –> sigmoid

Question 19

pectinate line

Answer 19

marks the junction between gut tube and body wall structures

Question 20

what is the innervation of structures above the pectinate line? blood supply & venous drainage?

Answer 20

visceral motor and sensory fibers, inferior mesenteric artery, portal venous system

Question 21

what is the innervation of structures below the pectinate line? blood supply andveins drain?

Answer 21

somatic motor and sensory fibers, internal iliac artery, caval venous system

Question 22

intraperitoneal

Answer 22

almost completely covered with visceral peritoneum, conceptually invaginated into a closed sac (organs remain surrounded by peritoneal cavity)

Question 23

extraperitoneal / retroperitoneal

Answer 23

located outside peritoneal cavity, partially covered with peritoneum (organs fuse to wall & lose mesentery)

Question 24

what is the function of the liver

Answer 24

bile secretion, metabolic functions, storage of glycogen

Question 25

what are the four lobes of the liver?

Answer 25

left, right, quadrate, caudate

Question 26

portal hepatis

Answer 26

passage of hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery, hepatic ducts, hepatic nerve plexus, lymphatics

Question 27

falciform ligament

Answer 27

bind the liver to the anterior abdominal wall

Question 28

round ligament

Answer 28

extends from umbilicus to liver, remnant of umbilical vein that carried oxygenated blood from placenta to fetus

Question 29

what is the function of the gallbladder?

Answer 29

store and concentrate bile

Question 30

what do the right and left hepatic portal ducts drain?

Answer 30

right and left portal lobes of liver

Question 31

what forms the bile duct?

Answer 31

common hepatic duct and cystic duct

Question 32

what is the function of the pancreas?

Answer 32

secrete enzymes that help digest sugars

Question 33

intraperitoneal organs

Answer 33

liver, stomach, ileum & jejunum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon

Question 34

retroperitoneal organs

Answer 34

duodenum, ascending colon, descending colon, rectum, pancreas

Question 35

foregut & blood supply

Answer 35

esophagus, stomach, pancreas, duodenum, liver, bile ducts, celiac trunk

Question 36

midgut & blood supply

Answer 36

small intestine distal to bile duct, cecum, appendix, ascending & most of transverse colon, SMA (superior mesenteric artery)

Question 37

hindgut & blood supply

Answer 37

remainder of the colon, IMA (inferior mesenteric artery)

Question 38

what is the blood supply of oral cavity?

Answer 38

external carotid artery

Question 39

blood supply of lesser curvature

Answer 39

R & L gastric arteries

Question 40

blood supply of greater curvature

Answer 40

R & L gastro-mental arteries

Question 41

blood supply of the stomach

Answer 41

celiac trunk --> common hepatic --> left gastric --> splenic arteries

Question 42

what do the gastric veins drain into?

Answer 42

portal, splenic, and superior mesenteric veins

Question 43

innervation of the small intestine

Answer 43

splanchnic and vagus nerve