oral cavity Flashcards
what does the oral region include?
oral cavity (mouth), teeth, gums, tongue, palate, region of palatine tonsils
what are the two parts of the oral cavity?
oral vestibule & oral cavity proper
the orbicularis oris controls what?
oral fissure size, size of the mouth
boundaries of the oral cavity proper
superior- palate
posterior- oropharynx
anterior- oral vestibule (teeth)
what cranial nerve is the orbicularis oris?
CN VII
palate
arched roof of the oral cavity proper and floor of the nasal cavities
hard palate
formed by parts of the maxillae and palatine bones, covered by mucous membrane, filled with the tongue at rest (general sensory)
soft palate
movable posterior 1/3 of the palate, continuous with the wall of the pharynx & jointed with the tongue & pharynx
uvula
extends postero-inferiorly as a curved free margin with a conical process
what joins the soft palate with the tongue and pharynx?
palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches
what role does the soft palate have?
swallowing (digestion), elevate palate to receive food when chewing or tongue is moving
where do the muscles of the soft palate originate?
the cranial base which then descends towards the palate
what do the muscles of the soft palate do?
tense and elevate palate during swallowing and yawning
what are the muscles of the soft palate?
tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini, palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, musculus uvulae
tongue
mobile muscular organ
what is the function of the tongue?
assist in mastication, taste, swallowing, speech, oral cleaning
what do extrinsic tongue muscles do?
alter the position of the tongue (sticking out), muscles attach to face and insert into tongue
what do intrinsic tongue muscles do?
regulate shape, originate in tongue and insert in itself
motor innervation of the tongue
all tongue muscles- CN XII except for palatoglossus (soft palate muscle CN X)
salivary glands and their cranial nerve
parotid (CN IX), submandibular (CN VII), sublingual (CN VII)
what is the function of the salivary glands?
keep the oral mucous membranes moist, lubricate food during mastication, support ability to taste
what are the muscles of mastication? what cranial nerve are they innervated by?
temporalis, masseter, medial & lateral pterygoids, CN V3
temporalis & masseter
elevate mandible, bring teeth closer together
lateral & medial pterygoid
side to side movements, mandibular elevation
