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Anatomy Bio 220 > female reproductive system > Flashcards

female reproductive system Flashcards

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1
Q

paramesonephric duct

A

future female duct

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2
Q

what does the paramesonephric duct become?

A

uterus, uterine tubes, superior part of vagina

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3
Q

the genital tubercle & urogenital sinus & urethral groove becomes…

A

genital tubercle- clitoris
urogenital sinus- folds over itself becoming labia
urethral groove- vestibule

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4
Q

external genitalia (pudendum or vulva)

A

mons pubis, labia majora & minora, clitoris, bulbs of the vestibule, greater & lesser vestibular glands

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5
Q

labia majora

A

enclosing the pudendal cleft, outerfolds of skin containing subcutaneous fat

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6
Q

labia minora

A

enclosing the vestibule, inner folds of fat free skin, containing erectile tissue, many sensory endings

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7
Q

internal genitalia

A

ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina

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8
Q

mons pubis

A

rounded fatty eminence overlying the pubic symphysis

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9
Q

what does the round ligament do? where does it terminate?

A

anchors uterus to the anterior body wall, terminates at labia majora

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10
Q

clitoris

A

an erectile organ located where labia minora meets anteriorly

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11
Q

what does the clitoris consist of? what are the glands covered by?

A

2 crura, 2 corpora cavernosa, glands covered by prepuce

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12
Q

vestibule

A

space surrounding labia minora containing openings of urethra, vagina, and ducts of greater & lesser vestibular glands

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13
Q

what lubricates the vagina during sexual arousal?

A

vestibule

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14
Q

bulbs of vestibule

A

paired masses of elongated erectile tissue situated along the sides of the vaginal orifice deep to bulbospongiosus

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15
Q

greater vestibular gland

A

located on each side of the vestibule posterior to the vaginal orifice, glands open into vestibule and secrete mucus during sexual arousal

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16
Q

lesser vestibular gland

A

open between urethral and vaginal orifices and secrete mucus

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17
Q

perineal muscles & importance of them

A

ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus, covers erectile tissue, important for sexual arousal

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18
Q

ischiocavernosus (perineal muscle)

A

maintain secretion of clitoris by compressing outflow veins

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19
Q

bulbospongiosus (perineal muscle)

A

“sphincter” of vagina, assists in erection of clitoris and bulb of the vestibule, compresses the greater vestibular gland, can clench vagina

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20
Q

superficial transverse perineal muscle

A

supports and fixes the perineal body and pelvic floor to support viscera

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21
Q

vagina

A

mostly subperitoneal musculomembranous tube that extends from cervix of uterus to the vestibule of vagina

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22
Q

musculomembranous

A

some smooth tissue, mostly stretchy connective tissue allowing vagina to expand in size

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23
Q

what does the vagina communicate with?

A

the cervical canal superiorly, and the vestibule inferiorly, cervix holds vagina open

24
Q

vaginal fornix

A

recess around the protruding cervix, yeast can accumulate & multiply, bacteria

25
Q

what is the primary blood supply of the vagina?

A

uterine artery, vaginal artery, pudendal artery all from internal iliac branches

26
Q

veins of vagina…

A

form plexuses along the side of the vagina and within the vaginal mucosa and drain into the internal iliac veins

27
Q

ovaries

A

small organs held in place by ligaments and mesenteries

28
Q

what attaches the ovaries to the body wall?

A

mesovarium ligament

29
Q

what is the connective tissue that surrounds the ovarian artery & vein?

A

suspensory ligament of the ovary

30
Q

what attaches the ovaries to the uterus?

A

ligament of the ovary

31
Q

uterus

A

muscular organ that receives, retains and nourishes the fertilized egg

32
Q

what are the two main parts of the uterus?

A

body & cervix

33
Q

body of uterus

A

included rounded fundus, relatievly constricted isthmus, and the uterine horns, freely moveable

34
Q

cervix

A

the cylindrical, narrow inferior part of uterus

35
Q

what are the three layers of the uterine wall

A

endometrium, myometrium, perimetrium

36
Q

endometrium

A

internal lining, mucus layer formed of epithelium, this layer is shed during each menstrual cycle, blastocyst is implanted here

37
Q

myometrium

A

middle muscle layer, most capable of expansion during pregnancy, main branches of blood vessels & nerves found here

38
Q

perimetrium

A

outer layer, serous membrane, covered by connective tissue and perineum

39
Q

uterine (fallopian tubes)

A

away from uterus and loop back on itself resting close to the ovary, open into peritoneal cavity near ovaries

40
Q

what are the 4 parts of the uterine (fallopian tubes)?

A

infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, uterine portion

41
Q

infundibulum

A

funnel shaped distal end opens into peritoneal cavity

42
Q

ampulla

A

widest and longest part of uterine

43
Q

isthmus

A

enters uterine horn

44
Q

uterine portion

A

short intramural segment

45
Q

broad ligament of the uterus

A

a double layer of peritoneum that extends from the sides of the uterus to the lateral walls and floor of the pelvis

46
Q

what is the function of the broad ligament of the uterus?

A

assists in keeping the uterus relatively centered in the pelvis and contains the ovaries, uterine tubes, and the vasculature that serves them

47
Q

suspensory ligament of the ovary

A

a lateral extension of the broad ligament over the ovarian vessels

48
Q

mesovarium

A

portion of broad ligament suspending the ovary

49
Q

mesosalpinx

A

suspends the uterine tube

50
Q

mesometrium

A

major part of the broad ligament of uterus

51
Q

round ligament of uterus

A

attaches uterus to anterior body wall

52
Q

mammary glands

A

modified sweat glands found in superficial body wall

53
Q

what are the suspensory ligaments of the breast?

A

thickenings of fascia that anchor breast to skin and separate glandular and fat lobes

54
Q

what do the lobules drain into?

A

lactiferous ducts (open on the nipple)

55
Q

spatial relationships

A

superficial to pectoralis major, minor, and serratus anterior muscles

56
Q

retromammary space

A

a potential space between breast and underlying deep pectoral fascia (allows some degree of movement of breast)

57
Q

hysterectomy

A

excision of uterus is performed through lower abdominal wall or vagina

Anatomy Bio 220 (34 decks)

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