heart Flashcards
right side
receives oxygen-poor blood and pumps it to lungs (pulmonary circuit)
left side
receives oxygenated blood and pumps it throughout body (systemic circuit)
2 receiving chambers
left & right atrium
2 pumping chambers
left & right ventricle
pericardium
triple-layered sac that encloses heart
fibrous pericardium
outer sac, strong layer of CT holds heart in place and keeps it from overfilling with bloods
serous pericardium
deep to the fibrous pericardium, formed from 2 layers (parietal & visceral layer)
layers of heart wall
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
epicardium
superficial, outer
myocardium
thickest, middle layer, bulk of the heart containing cardiac and smooth muscles
endocardium
deep layer (inside, inner layer), lines heart chambers & valves
superior vena cava
drains all body regions superior to the diaphragm
aorta
largest artery of body
pulmonary trunk
carries blood from heart to lungs for oxygenation
inferior vena cava
returns blood to the heart form all areas of body inferior to the diaphragm
heart chambers- internal division
between atria and ventricles
heart chambers- external division
boundaries between the four chambers marked by grooves (coronary sulcus, anterior & posterior inter ventricular sulci)
right atrium
receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circuit, opens into right ventricle through tricuspid valve
pectinate muscles
cardiac (rough) and smooth muscles of right atrium
right ventricle
receives blood from right atrium and pumps to pulmonary circuit via pulmonary trunk
pulmonary semilunar valve
opening between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
left atrium
receives oxygenated blood returning from lungs, pumps blood through bicuspid valve to left ventricle
left ventricle
similar to right ventricle, but walls are three times thicker and larger, pumps blood through aortic semilunar valve to aorta
atrioventricular (AV) valves
between atria and ventricles
