neck Flashcards
what is the function of the neck?
a passageway for nerves and vessels to enter and exit to the thorax and houses the larynx, thyroid, parathyroid glands
hyoid bone
mobile structure, attachment for neck muscles, if broken strangulation
sternocleidomastoid region is innervated by what cranial nerve?
CN XI, spinal accessory nerve
unilateral contraction
laterally flexes and rotates so the face is turned superiorly to the opposite side
bilateral contraction
extends neck at atlanto-occipital joints, flexes cervical vertebrae so chip approaches manubrium
medical term for when the cervical muscles contract and produce a twisting of neck and slanting of head
congenital torticollis
muscles of the posterior triangle
splenius capitis, levator scapulae, middle & posterior scalenes
what nerve is the posterior triangle innervated by?
CN XI & roots of the brachial plexus between anterior & middle scalenes
what do the ventral rami of the cervical plexus consist of?
nerve loops
the anterior triangle is divided into what 4 smaller triangles?
- lymph nodes
- submandibular gland, CN XI
- common carotid artery & bifurcation, carotid body and sinus (blood pressure)
- infrahyoid muscles, thyroid & parathyroid glands
suprahyoid muscles
superior to hyoid bone, connect to cranium, constitute the floor of mouth, elevate hyoid & larynx in swallowing and tone production
infrahyoid muscles
inferior to hyoid bone, depress hyoid & larynx when swallowing and speaking
prevertebral muscles
posterior to cervical viscera & anterolateral to vertebral column, anterior or lateral flexion of neck, elevation of scapula
root of neck
junction between neck and thorax containing neurovascular and visceral structures
carotid sheaths
most blood supply to body, neurovascular bundle lateral to the visceral region (common & internal carotid arteries, internal jugular vein and vagus nerve)
