Skeletal muscle: compartments/innervations

Question 1

compartments:

Answer 1

group of muscles with common function together with associated neurovascular components

Question 2

fascial expression: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location

Answer 2

facial nerve, FOR facial expression

around eyes (obicularis oculi) , forehead, nose, mouth, cheek, chin, neck

Question 3

mastication: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 3

trigeminal nerve (mandibular division), FOR mastication (chewing)

obicularis oris

temporal area, side jaw near ear, in btw. mouth, around mouth

Question 4

abdomen: muscles (if needed) and nerve/s (if needed)

Answer 4

thoracic spinal n nerves,
FOR flexion of trunk

connected by rectus sheath (ct., aponeurosis btw)

• rectus abdominis: 6 pack
• external oblique: (external layer, down diagonal towards midline) side of r.a
• internal oblique: (middle layer, upward medial) under ext. oblique
• transversus abdominis: (inner layer, horizontal) under int. oblique

Question 5

respiration: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 5

respiration, external/internal intercostals (btw. ribs) elevate ribs

FOR respiration

diaphragm:

• innervated by phrenic nerve
• flattens when breath in (increase thoracic cavity vol.)
• openings for oesophagus, inferior vena cava, aorta

Question 6

back: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 6

cervical, thoracic, lumbar spinal nn.

FOR erection of spine, posture

erector spinae: muscle either side of vertebrae

Question 7

pectoral girdle and thorax: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 7

pectoralis major: pecs

deltoid: shoulder muscle
trapezius: 2x triangular shape muscle, neck/upper back

Question 8

anterior compartment of the arm: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 8

(upper limb), musculocutenous nerve (both muscle and skin of ant. comp.)

FOR flexion of elbow

• biceps brachii
  (long/short head- laterally/ medially)

Question 9

posterior compartment of the arm: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 9

(upper limb), radial nerve

FOR extension of elbow

• triceps brachii (lateral/long/medial head- outside/upper inside/lower inside)

Question 10

anterior compartment of the forearm: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 10

(upper limb) median and ulnar nerve

FOR flexion of wrist and fingers

Question 11

hand: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 11

ulnar and median nn.

FOR fine movement of fingers, precision grip

• thenar eminence (thumb muscles)
• hypothenar eminence (pinky muscles)

Question 12

gluteal region: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 12

(superficial, lower limb)

FOR lateral rotation of thigh

• gluteus medius (middle layer)
• gluteus maximus (superficial)
• gluteus minimus (deep)

Question 13

anterior compartment of thigh: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 13

(lower limb), femoral nerve

FOR extension of knee (opposite to anterior of arm)

• quadraceps

Question 14

medial compartment of thigh: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 14

(inner thigh) obturator nerve

FOR adduction of the hip

Question 15

posterior compartment of thigh: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 15

tibial and common fibular (from sciatic) nn.

• hamstrings

FOR extension of hip, flexion of knee

Question 16

anterior compartment of leg: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 16

(lower limb), deep fibular (peroneal) nerve

FOR dorsiflexion of ankle joint

Question 17

lateral compartment of leg: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 17

(lower limb), superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve

FOR eversion of foot

Question 18

posterior compartment of leg: muscles (if needed), nerve/s (if needed)/ general location/ function

Answer 18

tibial nerve (calf)

FOR plantar flexion of foot

• calcaneal tendon (‘achilles’)

Question 19

function: facial expression

Answer 19

facial expression

Question 20

function: mastication

Answer 20

mastication (chewing)

Question 21

function: abdomen

Answer 21

FOR flexion of trunk

Question 22

function: respiration

Answer 22

FOR respiration

Question 23

function: anterior com of arm

Answer 23

FOR flexion of elbow

Question 24

function: posterior com of arm

Answer 24

FOR extension of elbow

Question 25

function: anterior com of forearm

Answer 25

FOR flexion of wrist and fingers

Question 26

function: posterior com of forearm

Answer 26

FOR extension of wrist and fingers

Question 27

function: anterior com of thigh

Answer 27

FOR extension of knee (opposite to anterior of arm)

Question 28

function: medial com of thigh

Answer 28

FOR adduction of the hip

Question 29

function: posterior com of thigh

Answer 29

FOR extension of hip, flexion of knee

Question 30

function: anterior com of leg

Answer 30

FOR dorsiflexion of ankle joint

Question 31

function: posterior com of leg

Answer 31

FOR plantar flexion of foot

Question 32

function: gluteal region

Answer 32

FOR lateral rotation of thigh

Question 33

function: lateral com of leg

Answer 33

FOR eversion of foot