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Railway Rules EMR Mainline Driver > Signals > Flashcards

Signals Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main purpose of signalling

A

To ensure there is one one train in one section at any one time.

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2
Q

What are the two main types of signals

A

Colour light signals
Semaphore signals

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3
Q

What are the two main systems used to trigger colour light signalling

A

Track circuits
Axel counters

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4
Q

What does a single red light mean

A

Danger
Do not pass

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5
Q

What does a single green light mean

A

Proceed, Clear

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6
Q

What does a single yellow light mean

A

Caution,
Expect the next signal to be red (danger)

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7
Q

What does a pair of yellow lights mean

A

Preliminary caution
Expect the next signal to be caution

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8
Q

When dispatching a train, what does a single or double yellow light mean

A

Proceed
All aspects apart from red mean proceed, unless the red is fitted with an active position light

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9
Q

On ground position signals, which light formation indicates Proceed

A

Two white lights displayed at 45 degrees

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10
Q

When dispatching, what does a blank Off indicator mean

A

Stop

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11
Q

What does a Banner repeater look like and what are the 3 stages

A

White circle with black line through the middle.
Horizontal line is Stop
Line at 45 degrees is restrictive proceed (same as double or single yellow)
Line at 45 degrees with a green circle is Proceed

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12
Q

How do you recognise a co-acting signal

A

It is a lower level duplication of the main signal
The signal plate has the suffix letters CA

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13
Q

What stations would you see a RA indicator

A

London or Manchester

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14
Q

What are the RA indicators used for

A

Platform staff use them to convey the ready to start signal to the driver
This replaces the buzz buzz

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15
Q

In a colour light signal area, how do you identify a distant signal

A

A black signal plate with a white triangle on it

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16
Q

How do you identify a “not in use” signal

A

The signal will be covered and have a white cross displayed

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17
Q

How do you identify an automatic signal

A

It has a white plate with a black horizontal bar through the middle

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18
Q

How can you identify a semi automatic signal

A

It has a white plate with a horizontal black bar through the middle and the word SEMI above the bar

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19
Q

How are automatic signals operated

A

By the passage of trains, using either track circuits or axel counters

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20
Q

What does SPAD stand for

A

Signal Passed At Danger

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21
Q

What does a red horizontal semaphore signal mean

A

Stop

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22
Q

What does a distant semaphore signal look like

A

Yellow arm with black chevron (yellow light at night)

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23
Q

What is the part of the line called between the Home signal and the Section signal

A

Station Limits
(There’s not always a station within the station limits)

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24
Q

What is the part of the track called between the Section signal and the following Home signal (which includes the distance signal)

A

Block section

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25
What does a red semaphore signal at 45 degrees mean
Proceed / off
26
What does a distant semaphore signal look like
Yellow board with a fish tail and black chevron
27
What does a semaphore shunt signal look like
White round disc with red bar across the middle Horizontal for danger 45 degrees (with green light at night) for proceed at caution as far as the line is clear
28
Semaphore Route indicators are used at locations of diverging routes Which signal relates to the main line
The highest signal Signal 1 relates to the route on the far left and then successive routes to the right
29
Route indications by stacked shunting signals, which signal relates to which track
Signal 1 at the top of the stack relates to the route on the far left As you work down it relates to successive routes to the right (Top to bottom, Left to right)
30
What are the two main route indicators in colour light signalling
Junction indicators (feathers) Route indicator box (theatre box)
31
What does a flashing yellow light mean
This is telling the driver that the route ahead has been set
32
When can you disregard the main aspect of a signal
Only if the main aspect is fitted with a Subsidiary / Position light or you are working under special rules
33
How can you identify a controlled signal
A black plate with the signal identification number on it
34
How do you identify a Distant colour light signal
A distant signal cannot show a stop aspect. Can be identified by a white triangle or the letters R or RR on the identification plate
35
How do you identify an Intermediate block signal
White signal plate with vertical black line through.
36
What is the sequence of three aspect signalling
Green = proceed = top Yellow = caution = middle Red = stop = bottom
37
What is the sequence of four aspect signalling
Green = proceed = second from top Double yellow = preliminary caution = top & second from bottom Yellow = caution = second from bottom Red = stop = bottom
38
What does the “end of emergency special working” sign look like
Yellow square with black EW on crossed diagonally with red line
39
What is the hand signal for Stop
Both hands straight up in the air, Red flag during daylight Red light during darkness or poor visibility
40
What is the order of signals in absolute block signalling
Distant Home Section
41
In absolute block signalling whats station limits
The part between the first home and the section signal controlled by the same signal box
42
How many stop signals can 1 signal box control
5 4 home and 1 section
43
If the distant signal is showing off, what position is the home and section signal in
Both the home and section signal must be off for the distant to be off
44
What's the part called between the distant signal and the first home signal
Service breaking distance
45
Where is the AWS magnet in semaphore absolute block signalling
180 metres before the distant signal
46
What is CP in semaphore absolute block signalling
Clearance point, The train has to pass 440 yards past the signal before the next signal can be pulled off
47
What is the 20/20 rule
Be slowing down to 20 mph at least 200m before the signal and be able to stop 20 m before the signal
48
What does the white diamond attached to a signal post mean
Track circuits fitted
49
Why might track circuits be fitted to a semaphore signal
Because it's out of view of the signal box, so to let the signaller know when the train has arrived
50
What does the back of a semaphore stop and distant signal look like
Stop signal is white with black line Distant signal is white with black chevron
51
In absolute block signalling, which signals can have AWS magnets
Only the distant signal
52
If you are unsure if a semaphore signal is off or on what should you do
Stop the train before the signal, secure the train and call the signaller
53
What part of absolute block is classed as the block section
From section signal, box A to the first home signal, box B
54
What does IBS stand for
Intermediate block section
55
How do you identify an IBS stop signal
The ID plate will be a white rectangle with a black line top to bottom
56
Which signal box controls any additional distant or stop signals in an IBS area
The signal box prior
57
What's does IBS achieve
It splits up a long block section into smaller sections letting more trains travel through whilst keeping one train in one section at any one time
58
What does a subsidiary semaphore signal look like
A smaller signal arm which is either white with red line top and bottom or completely red When on will show either a red, white or no light When off will show a green light Some have a letter C or S
59
Where would you find a subsidiary semaphore signal
If used they are always attached underneath the main signal
60
What is a subsidiary semaphore signal used for
When showing the off aspect you are signalled past the main signal aspect at danger under authority of the subsidiary signal
61
If stopping at any signal what must you do
Switch on DRA and have full service brakes applied
62
What does the C or S mean when the subsidiary semaphore is in the off position
C = calling you on S = shunting
63
What do shunting discs look like
White circle with red line through the middle and red and green lights. Works the same as a subsidiary signal
64
Can you carry passengers when being signalled past a shunting disc
No
65
How must you drive after passing an off distant signal or any subsidiary signal
At caution, at a speed which allows you to stop before a train, obstruction or buffers
66
What is a small semaphore signal arm
It's a stop signal that controls movement into a loop or No-block line. Once cleared you must proceed at caution
67
How do stepped diverging route indicators work
The highest signal relates to the main route Lower signals relate to progressive routes to left or right
68
What is the advantage of a directing distant signal
A directing distant signal relates to the signal controlling the junction signal, which enables you to keep moving and not come to a near stand before clearing the junction signal
69
How are stacked shunting signals read
Top to bottom Left to right
70
Why would you find a distant and stop signal on the same signal post
This happens when the block sections are small, these signals are controlled by different signal boxes
71
When might you find an outer and inner distant signal
When the block sections are close together and outer then inner distant signal may be used to increase breaking distance
72
How do you know if a semaphore signal is not in use
It's marked with a large white cross
73
Where might you find a distant board
On approach to A colour light stop signal A semaphore stop signal A stop board A points indicator A buffer stop
74
What do shunting signals that don't show red look like
Either black or white discs with a thick yellow line through the middle. Moves to diagonal and can show green light for clear Can also be 3 light in black triangle
75
What is a co-acting signal
A lower down version of the main aspect signal positioned on the same post for visual purposes
76
What is a fringe box
A signal box which controls colour light and semaphore signals going from track circuits to AB.
77
How is permission given to move over points worked from a signal box
Verbally Day light = arm raised above head Night = white light moved quickly twisting wrist When clear of points, if no shunter give the signaller one short blast of horn
78
Can you shunt outside the home signal
Only with the signallers permission
79
Who controls good loops and good line
Good loop = one signaller, on TCB it's one section Good line = two or more signallers, on TBC it's more than one section.

Railway Rules EMR Mainline Driver (41 decks)

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