Shelf: Lower Limb Flashcards
describe anterior compartment syndrome
usually trauma related; primary issue is arterial blood supply–the pressure within the compartment exceeds blood pressure
Anterior compartment syndrome is associated with
loss of dorsalis pedis pulse and difficulty with dorsiflexion
which artery supplies the anterior compartment of the leg?
anterior tibial
What supplies the anterior compartment of the leg?
anterior tibial artery, vein
deep fibular nerve
What supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?
superficial fibular nerve, fibular artery and vein
What supplies the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?
posterior tibial artery
tibial nerve
posterior tibial vein
What supplies the deep posterior compartment of the leg?
posterior tibial artery, tibial nerve, posterior tibial vein
Where in the femoral triangle would you expect to see a femoral hernia?
medial femoral canal
Describe a femoral hernia
hernia through the femoral canal into the medial aspect of the thigh
contents will be below the inguinal ligament and in the femoral canal which is medial to the femoral vessels and sheath
Describe the femoral nerve
dorsal divisions of the ventral rami L2-L4
f(x): supplies the anterior compartment (flex the hip and extend the knee)
Muscles innervated by the femoral nerve
sartorious quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius)
Tap on the patellar tendon tests
L3 and L4
Tap on calcaneal tendon tests
S1 and S2
Which muscle is primarily responsible for hip abduction?
gluteus medius
Trendelenberg Gait
affects
causes
affects: gluteus medius and minimus
cause: superior gluteal nerve injury, iatrogenic muscle/tendon injury, abductor avulsion
Which compartment extends the hip and flexes the knee?
posterior thigh
Describe the posterior drawer test
rotate the tibia and push it posteriorly; if the PCL is torn, it will move
Best place to do intragluteal injections
superolateral quadrant
What’s the result of injury to the common fibular nerve
“foot drop”: impairment of eversion, dorsiflexion of the foot and extension of the does
common fibular nerve is frequently injured b/c it curves around the neck of the fibula
genu valgus
“knock kneed”
genu varus
“bow legged”
Which ankle ligament is most likely to be torn during an inversion sprain?
anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular
What ankle ligament is most likely to be torn during an eversion sprain
deltoid ligament
Which one of the following muscles/tendons passes
through the two sesamoid bones of the foot to insert on
the plantar surface of the distal phalanx of the great
toe??
flexor hallucis longus
