September 9, slides 5-6 Flashcards
What is democracy often defined as?
“Rule by the people,” highlighting the idea that decisions are made collectively by citizens.
How do political institutions reflect beliefs about human nature?
They show the limits of what can be expected from humans and the ideals of how life should be lived collectively.
What are the key features of Athenian democracy?
Citizen participation in governance, decision-making by assembly, election by lottery, and mechanisms like ostracism to manage power.
How does Socrates criticize democracy?
Socrates argues that democracy can lead to decisions made by the uninformed masses rather than by those with knowledge or wisdom.
What is the focus of comparative political systems?
Understanding how different societies organize governance and address the question, “How should we live together?”
How does Athenian democracy differ from 21st-century democracy?
Athenian democracy was direct and participatory, with citizens voting on all matters, whereas modern democracies are often representative.
Why is studying Athenian democracy important?
It provides context for understanding early concepts of governance and criticisms of democracy by philosophers like Socrates.
What ideals are emphasized in Athenian democracy?
Active citizen participation and accountability of public officials to the people.
How does democracy handle centralizing vs. decentralizing power?
It balances decision-making among citizens while ensuring mechanisms to prevent the concentration of power.
Why is democracy considered both an ideal and a challenge?
It seeks to empower citizens while navigating the complexities of decision-making and maintaining fairness.
