Section 4 Notes

Question 1

definition of myotome

Answer 1

the muscles that receive their motor innervation from a given spinal n. (dermatome is a sensory region of the skin that is innervated by a spinal n.)

Question 2

spinal levels of lumbar plexus

Answer 2

l1-l4

Question 3

what is innvervated by lumbar plexus

Answer 3

skin and muscles of the 1. lower abdominal wall in inguinal region 2. anterior and medial parts of the thigh

Question 4

spinal levels of the lumbosacral plexus

Answer 4

l4-s4

Question 5

what is innervated by the lumbosacral plexus

Answer 5

1. gluteal region 2. posterior compartment of the thigh 3. all of the leg and foot

Question 6

For the _____ region of the spinal cord, the spinal levels or spinal segments correspond with the corresponding vertebral level.

Answer 6

cervical

Question 7

The spinal cord ends at the level of the ____ vertebra.

Answer 7

first lumbar

Question 8

tthe cauda equina are the ____ below the level of the spinal cord

Answer 8

dorsal and ventral roots

Question 9

the radial nerve is important for extension of ____

Answer 9

all joints in the arm and hand

Question 10

_____ nerve is important for the thumb side of the hand and wrist (on the palmar side up)

Answer 10

median

Question 11

peripheral mononeuropathy

Answer 11

injuries to an INDIVIDUAL PERIPHERAL NERVE arising directly from the plexus. (can be COMPLETE or INCOMPLETE)

Question 12

radiculopathies involve a lesion to the

Answer 12

spinal nerve, a dorsal, or a ventral root.

Question 13

A _________ is often associated with burning or tingling pain radiating down a limb in the dermatome of the affected nerve root.

Answer 13

radiculopathy

Question 14

The straight-leg-raising test is often helpful for diagnosis of nerve root compression in the ____ region

Answer 14

lumbosacral

Question 15

C5 X - decreased reflex in the ____

Answer 15

biceps

Question 16

C6 X - decreased reflex in the ____

Answer 16

biceps, bracioradialis

Question 17

C7 X - decreased reflex in the ____

Answer 17

triceps

Question 18

C5 compression the disk involved is

Answer 18

c4-c5

Question 19

C6 compression the disk involved is

Answer 19

c5-c6

Question 20

C5 X - main weakness is in the

Answer 20

deltoid infraspinatus biceps

Question 21

C6 X - main weakness is in the

Answer 21

wrist extensors biceps

Question 22

C7 X - main weakness is in the

Answer 22

triceps

Question 23

L1 X - main weakness is in the

Answer 23

illiopsoas psoas hip flexion

Question 24

L2-L3 X - main weakness is in the

Answer 24

adduction of the thigh

Question 25

L4 X - main weakness is in the

Answer 25

tibialis anterior and posterior foot inversion

Question 26

L5 X - main weakness is in the

Answer 26

foot dorsiflexion hip abduction heel walk

Question 27

S1 X - main weakness is in the

Answer 27

foot plantar flexion tip to walk

Question 28

Decreased patellar (knee jerk reflex) is caused by ___ compression

Answer 28

l2-l3

Question 29

decreased achilles tendon (ankle jerk) is caused by ___ compression

Answer 29

s1

Question 30

the white or gray matter is centered in the spinal cord?

Answer 30

gray (the H)

Question 31

the intermediate zone of the spinal cord is composed of

Answer 31

sensory and mtoor functions

Question 32

larger more myelinated axons enter medially or laterally?

Answer 32

medially

Question 33

axons that carry _____ information enter the SC medially

Answer 33

epicritic

Question 34

axons that carry _____ information enter the SC laterally

Answer 34

nociceptive and temperature

Question 35

some small diamters axons pass through a few spinal segments via the \_\_\_\_\_, prior to synapsing in the dorsal horn.

Answer 35

lissauers tract

Question 36

damage to a nerve root may not cause complete paralysis because?

Answer 36

multiple nerve roots may innervate a single muscle (damage to a PERIPHERAL NERVE can cause completely paralysis

Question 37

Paresis means nerve root X or peripheral nerve X?

Answer 37

nerve root

Question 38

The amount of ____ matter is greatest in regions that innervate the limbs.

Answer 38

gray

Question 39

as you ____ the spinal cord, the amount of white matter increases

Answer 39

ascend rostrally

Question 40

where is the intermediolateral cell column found?

Answer 40

in the thoracic spinal cord (from T1-L2)

Question 41

where is clarkes nucleus found?

Answer 41

in the thoracic spinal cord (From T1-L2)

Question 42

The neurons of Clarke’s nucleus are the origin of the ____ tract.

Answer 42

dorsal spinocerebellar

Question 43

posterior or dorsal funiculus carries ___ information

Answer 43

epicrtici

Question 44

Corticospinal axons originating from neurons in the motor cortex terminate particularly in the more ____ portions of the intermediate gray,

Answer 44

lateral

Question 45

Corticospinal axons from sensory cortex terminate in the \_\_\_\_

Answer 45

dorsal horn

Question 46

ventral or anterior corticospinal tract. The axons from this pathway terminate\_\_\_\_

Answer 46

bilaterally in the intermediate gray

Question 47

lateral corticospinal tract is more concerned with \_\_\_\_

Answer 47

discete individual digit mvoements and distal motor control

Question 48

anterior/ventral corticospinal tract is more concerned with \_\_\_\_

Answer 48

proximal muscle movementds