Section 4 Notes Flashcards
definition of myotome
the muscles that receive their motor innervation from a given spinal n. (dermatome is a sensory region of the skin that is innervated by a spinal n.)
spinal levels of lumbar plexus
l1-l4
what is innvervated by lumbar plexus
skin and muscles of the 1. lower abdominal wall in inguinal region 2. anterior and medial parts of the thigh
spinal levels of the lumbosacral plexus
l4-s4
what is innervated by the lumbosacral plexus
- gluteal region 2. posterior compartment of the thigh 3. all of the leg and foot
For the _____ region of the spinal cord, the spinal levels or spinal segments correspond with the corresponding vertebral level.
cervical
The spinal cord ends at the level of the ____ vertebra.
first lumbar
tthe cauda equina are the ____ below the level of the spinal cord
dorsal and ventral roots
the radial nerve is important for extension of ____
all joints in the arm and hand
_____ nerve is important for the thumb side of the hand and wrist (on the palmar side up)
median
peripheral mononeuropathy
injuries to an INDIVIDUAL PERIPHERAL NERVE arising directly from the plexus. (can be COMPLETE or INCOMPLETE)
radiculopathies involve a lesion to the
spinal nerve, a dorsal, or a ventral root.
A _________ is often associated with burning or tingling pain radiating down a limb in the dermatome of the affected nerve root.
radiculopathy
The straight-leg-raising test is often helpful for diagnosis of nerve root compression in the ____ region
lumbosacral
C5 X - decreased reflex in the ____
biceps
C6 X - decreased reflex in the ____
biceps, bracioradialis
C7 X - decreased reflex in the ____
triceps
C5 compression the disk involved is
c4-c5
C6 compression the disk involved is
c5-c6
C5 X - main weakness is in the
deltoid infraspinatus biceps
C6 X - main weakness is in the
wrist extensors biceps
C7 X - main weakness is in the
triceps
L1 X - main weakness is in the
illiopsoas psoas hip flexion
L2-L3 X - main weakness is in the
adduction of the thigh
L4 X - main weakness is in the
tibialis anterior and posterior foot inversion
L5 X - main weakness is in the
foot dorsiflexion hip abduction heel walk
S1 X - main weakness is in the
foot plantar flexion tip to walk
Decreased patellar (knee jerk reflex) is caused by ___ compression
l2-l3
decreased achilles tendon (ankle jerk) is caused by ___ compression
s1
the white or gray matter is centered in the spinal cord?
gray (the H)
the intermediate zone of the spinal cord is composed of
sensory and mtoor functions
larger more myelinated axons enter medially or laterally?
medially
axons that carry _____ information enter the SC medially
epicritic
axons that carry _____ information enter the SC laterally
nociceptive and temperature
some small diamters axons pass through a few spinal segments via the _____, prior to synapsing in the dorsal horn.
lissauers tract
damage to a nerve root may not cause complete paralysis because?
multiple nerve roots may innervate a single muscle (damage to a PERIPHERAL NERVE can cause completely paralysis
Paresis means nerve root X or peripheral nerve X?
nerve root
The amount of ____ matter is greatest in regions that innervate the limbs.
gray
as you ____ the spinal cord, the amount of white matter increases
ascend rostrally
where is the intermediolateral cell column found?
in the thoracic spinal cord (from T1-L2)
where is clarkes nucleus found?
in the thoracic spinal cord (From T1-L2)
The neurons of Clarke’s nucleus are the origin of the ____ tract.
dorsal spinocerebellar
posterior or dorsal funiculus carries ___ information
epicrtici
Corticospinal axons originating from neurons in the motor cortex terminate particularly in the more ____ portions of the intermediate gray,
lateral
Corticospinal axons from sensory cortex terminate in the ____
dorsal horn
ventral or anterior corticospinal tract. The axons from this pathway terminate____
bilaterally in the intermediate gray
lateral corticospinal tract is more concerned with ____
discete individual digit mvoements and distal motor control
anterior/ventral corticospinal tract is more concerned with ____
proximal muscle movementds
