Internal Anatomy of Midbrain Flashcards

1
Q
A

tectum

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2
Q
A

superior colliclus

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3
Q
A

brachium of inferior collilculus

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4
Q
A

crus cerebri

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5
Q
A

tegmentum of midbrain

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6
Q
A

cerebral aqueduct

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7
Q
A

Cerebral Peduncle (crus cerebri + grey matter of the tegementum)

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8
Q
A

prectal area

above the brachium

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9
Q
A

inferior colliculus

function: hearing, localization of sound
pathology: subtble deficits in localizing source of sound

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10
Q
A

Lateral lemniscus

function: hearing
pathology: no obvious sx from unilateral X

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11
Q
A

ALS /Spiunothalmic

function: carries propathic (simple touch, pressure, pain and temp from the OPPOSITE side of the body)
pathology: contralateral loss of propathic sensation beginning 2 segments below the lesion.

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12
Q
A

medial lemniscus

function: epicritic somatosensory for trunk and limbs on the OPPOSITE SIDE
pathology: loss of 2 point, vibration, position sense, asterognosis, shuffling gait

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13
Q

axons going through here

A

axons of the decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncle

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14
Q
A

Decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncle

function: carries signals of disparate function between cerebellum and brain stem
pathology: cerebellar signs: ataxia, intention tremor

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15
Q
A

corticospinal tract

function: motor control from cortex to motor neurons

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16
Q
A

medial longitudinal fascilus

function: coordinates head and eye position
pathology: contralateral eye cannot adduct for conjugate gaze, but can adduct during convergence

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17
Q
A

Nucleus of CN 4

function: rortates the eye and assists in abduction and downward movement
pathology: subtle effects in OPPOSITE EYE

slightl difficulty converging and looking downwards

18
Q
A

Periaqueductal Gray

function: pain sensation, rich in endorphin receptors
pathology: in animals, blocks the benefit of analgesics

19
Q
A

cerebral aqueduct

20
Q
A

superior colliculus

functions: 1. sensory: vision, perhaps to focus visual attension on a sector of space
2. motor: controls roientaing movements of head and neck
pathology: subtle deficits..
1. partial neglect of contralateral visual space
2. slightly smaller saccades OPPOSITE the lesion

21
Q
A

bracium of the inferior colliculus

function: conveys auditory signals to the midbrain to the thalamus
pathology: UNK (bilateral X is rare)
connections: inferior colliculus to the MGN

midbrain section, hole without the frog eyes

22
Q
A

ALS/Spinothalamic tract

function: carries protopathic info
pathology: contralateral loss of protopathic sensation beginning two segments below the lesion

23
Q
A

medial lemniscus

pathology: loss of 2 point, vibration, position sense, asterogenosis, shuffling gait

24
Q
A

Decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle

pathology: cerebellar signs: ataxia, intentional tremor

25
crus cerebri function: cortical control of movement and some descending gating of sensory signals pathology: loss of independent finger movement, slower rxn times, sight weakness
26
Corticospinal tract
27
medial longitudinal fasiculus
28
Trochlear nucleus funtion: rorates eye and assists in abduction and downward movement pathology: subtle effects on OPPOSITE eye slight difficulty converging and looking downward
29
superior colliculus function: 1. sensory: vision, perhaps to focus visual attn on a sector of space 2. motor: controls orienting movements of the head and neck pathology: subtle deficits: 1. partial neglect of OPPOSITE visual space 2. slightly smaller saccades directed to side opposite of lesion
30
medial lemniscus function: epicritic somatosensory for trunk and limbs on opposite side
31
anterolateral system/spinothalamic tract function: carries propathic information (simple touch, pressure, pain, and temperature)
32
substantia nigra function: pars compacta: skeletal movement, complete dopamine synthesis paras reticula: skeletal and eye movements
33
Crus cerebri function: cortical control of movement and some descending gating of sesnory signals pathology: loss of indepdentent finger movement, slowed rxn times, slight weakness
34
cerebellothalamic fibers
35
Red nucleus fnction: skeletal movement pathology: probably no obvious sx from isolated pathology
36
**Medial geniculate nucleus (body)** function: hearing pathology: lose ability to decode patterns of sound errors in localizing source of sound
37
CN III function: rorates eye upward, downward, toward nose constricts the pupil accomidation of the lens for near vision pathology: external strabisimus: eye deviated OUTWARD and cannot move nasally, up, or down pupil is dilated and cannot constrict (due to pathology of near endinger westphal)
38
CN III function: rorates eye upward, downward, toward nose constricts the pupil accomidation of the lens for near vision pathology: external strabisimus: eye deviated OUTWARD and cannot move nasally, up, or down pupil is dilated and cannot constrict (due to pathology of near endinger westphal)
39
Nucleus Raphe Dorsalis
40
brachium of the superior collculus no isolated pathology described.