S6: Internal and External Anatomy of the Pons

Question 1

Answer 1

Middle Cerebellar Peduncles

Question 2

Answer 2

CN 5

Question 3

Answer 3

CN 6

Question 4

Answer 4

CN 7

Question 5

Answer 5

Superior Cerebellar Peduncles

Question 6

Answer 6

basis of the pons

Question 7

16

Answer 7

facial colliculus

Question 8

Answer 8

vestibular area

Question 9

Answer 9

pontine tegmentum

Question 10

Answer 10

Abduscens nuclei

supplied by: perforating branches of basilar

Question 11

Answer 11

Facial Nerve

supplied by anterior inferior cerebral a.

Question 12

Answer 12

medial lemniscus

supplied by mostly branches from the basilar

Question 13

Answer 13

lateral lemniscus

Question 14

Answer 14

Superior olive

supplied by AICA ?

Question 15

Answer 15

Vestibular nulcei

supplied by AICA

Question 16

Answer 16

Medial longitudinal fascilus

supplied by perforating basilar a.

Question 17

Answer 17

Paramedian Pontine Reticular formation

Question 18

Answer 18

Rubrospinal tract

Question 19

Answer 19

ALS

supplied by AICA

Question 20

Answer 20

Spinal n. of trigem.

supplied by AICA

Question 21

Answer 21

Spinal tract of trigem.

supplied by aica

Question 22

Answer 22

inferior cerebellar peduncle

Question 23

Answer 23

superior cerebellar peduncle

Question 24

Answer 24

corticospinal tract

supplied by perforating branches of basilar

Question 25

Answer 25

middle cerebellar peduncle

Question 26

Answer 26

medial lemniscus

Question 27

Answer 27

rubrospinal tract

Question 28

Answer 28

ALS

Question 29

Answer 29

Motor nucleus of trigem

supplied by AICA

function: somatosensory for head and neck and motor jaw muscles
pathology: numbness in head and neck on SAME SIDE

weakened chewing

sensory loss elsiminating corneal reflexing -> irritated cornea

Question 30

Answer 30

principal sensory of trigem.

function: epicritic from head and neck
pathology: reduced 2 point tactile, fibration, position sense on SAME SIDE of head

Question 31

Answer 31

CN 5: Trigem

function: somatosensory for head and neck, motor for jaw
pathology: numbness in head and neck on the same side, weakened chewing, sensory loss eliminates corneal reflex resulting in irritated cornea

Question 32

Answer 32

lateral lemniscus

function: hearing
pathology: no obvious pathology (from unilateral X)

Question 33

Answer 33

Superior olive

function: hearing, particularly in locating the source of sound

pathology:

unilateral - nothing, due to bilaterality of auditory pathway

Question 34

Answer 34

Decussation of the trapezoid body

function: 1. somatosensory for trunk and limbs (medial lemniscus)
2. autditory: crossing lateral lemniscus fibers

pathology:

1. loss of epicritic sense for trunk and limbs
2. no obvious hearing loss

Question 35

Answer 35

Locus Ceruleus

function: main source of Norepeinphrine, motor control and sleep; adjusts muscle tone during rem

Pathology: prevents collapse of tone during REM (in cats…), implicated in parinksonism

Question 36

Answer 36

Medial longitduinal fasiculus

function: coordinates head and eye position
pathology: itnernuclear opthalmoplegia; contralateral eye cannot adduct for conjugate gaze shift but can adduct during convergence

Question 37

Answer 37

pontine nuclei

Question 38

Answer 38

Medial longitudinal fasciculus

function: coordinates head and eye position
pathology: contralateral eye cannot adduct for conjugate gaze shift, can adduct during convergence

Question 39

Answer 39

locus ceruleus

function: main source of norepeinhrpine; motor control and sleep; adjusts muscle tone during REM
pathology: implicated in parinksoniasm, prevents collapse of tone during REM sleep

Question 40

Answer 40

superior cerebellar peduncle

pathology: cerebellar signs: ataxia, intention tremor
connections: o carries most of cerebellums output to other parts of the brain

• main ouput:
 areas of pontine reticular formation
 red nucleus in the midbrain
 ventral anterior and ventral alteral nucleus in the thalamus -> precentral gyrus and premotor cortex

Question 41

Answer 41

medial lemniscus

function: epicritic somatosensory for trunks and limbs on OPPOSITE SIDE
pathology: loss of 2 point, vibration, position sense, asterogonosis, shuffling gait etc.

Question 42

Answer 42

crus cerebri

function:

cortical control of movement and some descending gating of sensory signals

pathology: 1. loss of indepdent finger movement
2. slowed rxn times
3. slight weakness

Question 43

Answer 43

lateral lemniscus

function: hearing
pathology: no obvious sx from unilateral X

Question 44

Answer 44

Corticospinal tract

function: motor contorl from cortex to motor neurons of CN and ventral horn

isolated pathology: loss of indepdent finger control, slowed rxn times

Question 45

Answer 45

facial nculeus

Question 46

Answer 46

superior cerebellar peduncle

Question 47

Answer 47

dentate nucleus

Question 48

Answer 48

inferior cerebellar peduncle

Question 49

Answer 49

middle cerebellar peduncle