Section 2 D.a. Greek to English

Question 1

ἀναχωρέω

Answer 1

retreat

Question 2

διά (+ acc.)

Answer 2

because of (+ acc.)

Question 3

ελεύθερος, ᾱ, ον

Answer 3

free

Question 4

ἐπειδή

Answer 4

when

Question 5

ἐπί (+ acc.)

Answer 5

against, at, to, to get (+ acc.)

Question 6

οὐκέτι

Answer 6

no longer

Question 7

οὕτω (οὕτως)

Answer 7

thus, so, in this way

Question 8

πολέμιοι, οἱ

Answer 8

the enemy

Question 9

πολέμιος, ᾱ, ον

Answer 9

hostile, enemy

Question 10

πόλεμος, ὁ

Answer 10

war

Question 11

ταχέως

Answer 11

quickly

Question 12

τι

Answer 12

a, something

Question 13

τολμάω

Answer 13

dare, be daring, undertake

Question 14

ὥσπερ

Answer 14

like, as

Question 15

ΚΥΒ. προσέρχονται μὲν οὖν ταχέως οἱ πολέμοι ἐπὶ ναυμαχίαν …

Answer 15

CAPTAIN So the enemy ships approach quickly for a sea-battle …

Question 16

(θεᾶται δὲ ἡδέως τὴν ναυμαχίαν Ξέρξης ὁ βασιλεύς)

Answer 16

(Xerxes the king is watching the sea-battle with pleasure),

Question 17

… ἐγὼ δε ἀναχωρῶ·

Answer 17

and I back water.

Question 18

καὶ ἀναχωροῦσιν οἱ ἄλλοι Ἕλληνες.

Answer 18

And the other Greeks retreat.

Question 19

ἐξαίφνηνς δὲ φαίνεται φάσμα τι γυναικεῖον, μάλα δεινόν.

Answer 19

Suddenly there appears the phantom of a woman, very terrible.

Question 20

ἐγὼ δὲ τὸ φάσμα φοβοῦμαι.

Answer 20

I am afraid of the phantom.

Question 21

ἀλλὰ λέγει τὸ φάσμα·

Answer 21

But the phantom says:

Question 22

“ὦ φίλοι, διὰ τί ἔτι ἀναχωρεῖτε;”

Answer 22

“Friends, why are you still retreating?”

Question 23

“μὴ φοβεῖσθε τοὺς Μήδους ἀλλὰ βοηθεῖτε καὶ τολμᾶτε.”

Answer 23

Do not be afraid of the Persians, but go to the rescue and be bold.”

Question 24

καὶ ἐγὼ μὲν ταχέως ἐπιπλέω τε καὶ οὐκέτι φοβοῦμαι, …

Answer 24

And I quickly sail to the attack and am no longer afraid, …

Question 25

… ἐπιπλέουσι δὲ καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι Ἕλληνες ταχέως καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς Μήδους ἐπέρχονται.

Answer 25

… and the rest of the Greeks also sail swiftly to the attack and move against the Persians.

Question 26

νῦν δὲ κόσμῳ μαχόμεθα ἡμεῖς καὶ κατὰ τάξιν, …

Answer 26

Now we are fighting in good order and in rank, …

Question 27

… ἀκόσμως δὲ καὶ ἀτάκτως μάχονται οἱ βάρβαροι, …

Answer 27

… while the foreigners are fighting in disarray and are out of rank …

Question 28

… ἐπειδὴ οὐ τολμῶσιν ὥσπερ ἡμεῖς.

Answer 28

… since they are not bold like us.

Question 29

τέλος δὲ τῶν Περσῶν οἱ μὲν φεύγουσι, …

Answer 29

Finally of the Persians, some flee, …

Question 30

… οἱ δὲ μένουσι καὶ πίπτουσι.

Answer 30

… and others remain and fall.

Question 31

καὶ τῶν Ἑλλήνων οἱ μὲν διώκουσι τοὺς Πέρσας, …

Answer 31

And of the Greeks, some pursue the Persians, …

Question 32

… οἱ δὲ λαμβάνουσι τὰς ναῦς καὶ τοὺς ναύτας.

Answer 32

… and others capture their ships and their sailors.

Question 33

ἐπειδὴ δἐ διώκουσιν οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι τοὺς Πέρσας, …

Answer 33

When the Athenians pursue the Persians, …

Question 34

… φεύγει καὶ ὁ Ξέρξης καὶ τὴν ναυμαχίαν οὐκέτι θεᾶται.

Answer 34

Xerxes also flees and no longer watches the sea-battle.

Question 35

ἐλεύθεροι οὖν γίγνονται οἱ Ἕλληνες διὰ τὴν ἀρετήν.

Answer 35

So the Greeks become free through their courage.

Question 36

οὕτως οὖν οἱ θεοὶ κολάζουσι τὴν τῶν Περσῶν ὕβριν καὶ σῴζουσι τὴν πόλιν.

Answer 36

In this way the gods punish the aggression of the Persians and save the city.

Question 37

καὶ οὐ δουλοῦνται τοὺς Ἀθηναίους οἱ Πέρσαι.

Answer 37

And the Persians do not enslave the Athenians.

Question 38

ΔΙΚ. εὖ λέγεις, ὦ κυβερνῆτα.

Answer 38

DIKAIOPOLIS You speak well, captain.

Question 39

νῦν δὲ σαφῶς καὶ ἀκριβῶς ἴσμεν περὶ τὰ Μηδικά.

Answer 39

Now we know clearly and accurately about the Persian Wars.

Question 40

ἀλλὰ πολλὴ νῦν ἐστιν ἡ τῶν πραγμάτων μεταβολή·

Answer 40

But the change in events is now great;

Question 41

τότε μὲν γὰρ φίλοι ἀλλήλοις οἱ Ἕλληνες, …

Answer 41

for at that time the Greeks were friends with each other.

Question 42

… νῦν δὲ οὐκέτι ὁμονοοῦσιν, …

Answer 42

Now they no longer agree …

Question 43

… ἀλλὰ μισοῦσιν ἀλλήλους διὰ τὸν πόλεμον.

Answer 43

… but hate each because of the war.

Question 44

τότε μὲν ὁμόνοια ἐν τοῖς Ἕλλησι, νῦν δὲ μῖσος.

Answer 44

Then there was agreement among the Greeks, and now there is hatred.

Question 45

φεῦ φεῦ τῶν Ἡλλήνων, φεῦ τοῦ πολέμου.

Answer 45

Alas, alas for the Greeks, alas for the war!

Question 46

ἀναχωρέω

Answer 46

retreat

Question 47

διά (+ acc.)

Answer 47

because of (+ acc.)

Question 48

ελεύθερος, ᾱ, ον

Answer 48

free

Question 49

ἐπειδή

Answer 49

when

Question 50

ἐπί (+ acc.)

Answer 50

against, at, to, to get (+ acc.)

Question 51

οὐκέτι

Answer 51

no longer

Question 52

οὕτω (οὕτως)

Answer 52

thus, so, in this way

Question 53

πολέμιοι, οἱ

Answer 53

the enemy

Question 54

πολέμιος, ᾱ, ον

Answer 54

hostile, enemy

Question 55

πόλεμος, ὁ

Answer 55

war

Question 56

ταχέως

Answer 56

quickly

Question 57

τι

Answer 57

a, something

Question 58

τολμάω

Answer 58

dare, be daring, undertake

Question 59

ὥσπερ

Answer 59

like, as