(second midterm) Lecture 8 (5/2/16) PT. 2 Flashcards
What is the tidal volume?
normal breathing (about half a liter per breath)
What is inspiratory reserve? Expiratory reserve?
Insp. = the amount you can breathe in past tidal volume Exp. = the amount you can breathe out past tidal volume
What is residual volume?
the amount you will never be able to get out of your lungs
What is the vital capacity?
The amount you can physically breathe in and breathe out
Insp. reserve + Exp. reserve + tidal volume
What is the total lung volume?
The TOTAL amount that can fit in your lungs, even the stuff you can never push out.
Vital capacity + residual volume
Inspiratory reserve + tidal volume =
inspiratory capacity
Innervations of…
diaphragm:
scalenes:
diaphragm: phrenic nerves (R & L)
scalenes: C2-7
Most of the CO2 in the blood dissociates into…
More of this means…
Carbonic acid lower pH (more acidic); we need more oxygen
Carotid bodies:
Sense pH and communicate with medulla
they are at junction of internal and external carotid
Aortic body:
Sense pH and communicate with medulla
they are on the arch of the aorta
The phrenic nerve doesn’t spread over the top of the diaphragm. Where does it go?
It goes under it
Carotid bodies and aortic bodies tell _________________ about level of carbonic acid.
medullary rhythmicity centers
Medullary rhythmicity centers can then increase activity of _______________ for deeper breathing.
apneustic area
Decreased CO2 is called _______________.
respiratory alkalosis
higher pH
Medullary rhythmicity centers can increase activity of _______________ for shallower breathing.
pneumotaxic area
