(final) Lecture 15 (6/1/16) PT. 2 Flashcards
What subdivided the cloaca into a rectum and a bladder?
urorectal septum
The space left for the opening ventral to the rectum is what?
the urogenital sinus
In a female, what are the three opening of the old cloaca?
urethra
vagina
anus
Just cranial to cloacal opening in the human embryo is a small bump called the…
genital tubercle
What does the genital tubercle form? What does it do?
tissue of the cloacal rim
it elongates and comes to hang over opening
The specialized erectile tissue develops from what germ layer?
mesoderm
The specialized erectile tissues form as two masses on each side of midline.
Closer to midline are…
More lateral are..
right and left bulb (medial)
right and left crus (lateral)
In males, the right and left bulbs fuse in the midline to form what? Which does what?
corpus spongiosum
surrounds urethra
Urethra emerges out of tip of enlarged genital tubercle, which is called…
glans of the penis
Right and left crura remain independent and form the paired what?
corpora cavernosa
Right and left sides are bound to one another by what? (like a banana peel)
tunica albuginea
*dense fibrous connective tissue that will stop the expanding
In a female, the bulbs of the vestibule become what?
the labia minora
The tip end in the midline columns is the…
clitoris
The ___________ is at the end of the urethra in the male and encircles urethral neck.
prostate gland
____________ are the outpocketing of the ejaculatory duct in males.
seminal vesicles
Where are the bulbourethralglands in males?
in postpelvic body wall
In females, what secretes mucous fluids that serve as lubricants during copulation?
greater vestibular glands
What do the seminal vesicles produce?
a sugar-rich fluid (fructose) that provides sperm with a source of energy
What makes up most of the volume of a man’s ejaculatory fluid?
fluid of seminal vesicles
What runs through the center of the prostrate gland?
urethra
What do the bulbourethral glands produce and what is its function?
a clear, slippery fluid that empties directly into the urethra
lubricates urethra and neutralizes any acidity that may be present due to residual drops of urine in the urethra
In both sexes, the mass of erectile tissue is overlain by a thin mass of what?
specialized hypaxial musculature
What arises from ischium behind the crus of penis or clitoris and wraps around corpora cavernosa to insert on either side of tunica albuginea?
ischiocavernosus muscle
The bulbospongiosus muscle arises from ____________ of the urogenital diaphragm and covers the bulb of the penis (m) or vestibular bulb (f).
central tendon
In a male, the ischiocavernosus muscle and bulbospongiosus muscle maintain what? How?
maintain erection by contracting venous return of blood
In a female, what is the function of the ischiocavernosus muscle and bulbospongiosus muscle?
possibly a sphincter-like function around vaginal opening in females
