(final) Lecture 15 (6/1/16) PT. 2

Question 1

What subdivided the cloaca into a rectum and a bladder?

Answer 1

urorectal septum

Question 2

The space left for the opening ventral to the rectum is what?

Answer 2

the urogenital sinus

Question 3

In a female, what are the three opening of the old cloaca?

Answer 3

urethra
vagina
anus

Question 4

Just cranial to cloacal opening in the human embryo is a small bump called the…

Answer 4

genital tubercle

Question 5

What does the genital tubercle form? What does it do?

Answer 5

tissue of the cloacal rim

it elongates and comes to hang over opening

Question 6

The specialized erectile tissue develops from what germ layer?

Answer 6

mesoderm

Question 7

The specialized erectile tissues form as two masses on each side of midline.
Closer to midline are…
More lateral are..

Answer 7

right and left bulb (medial)

right and left crus (lateral)

Question 8

In males, the right and left bulbs fuse in the midline to form what? Which does what?

Answer 8

corpus spongiosum

surrounds urethra

Question 9

Urethra emerges out of tip of enlarged genital tubercle, which is called…

Answer 9

glans of the penis

Question 10

Right and left crura remain independent and form the paired what?

Answer 10

corpora cavernosa

Question 11

Right and left sides are bound to one another by what? (like a banana peel)

Answer 11

tunica albuginea

*dense fibrous connective tissue that will stop the expanding

Question 12

In a female, the bulbs of the vestibule become what?

Answer 12

the labia minora

Question 13

The tip end in the midline columns is the…

Answer 13

clitoris

Question 14

The ___________ is at the end of the urethra in the male and encircles urethral neck.

Answer 14

prostate gland

Question 15

____________ are the outpocketing of the ejaculatory duct in males.

Answer 15

seminal vesicles

Question 16

Where are the bulbourethralglands in males?

Answer 16

in postpelvic body wall

Question 17

In females, what secretes mucous fluids that serve as lubricants during copulation?

Answer 17

greater vestibular glands

Question 18

What do the seminal vesicles produce?

Answer 18

a sugar-rich fluid (fructose) that provides sperm with a source of energy

Question 19

What makes up most of the volume of a man’s ejaculatory fluid?

Answer 19

fluid of seminal vesicles

Question 20

What runs through the center of the prostrate gland?

Answer 20

urethra

Question 21

What do the bulbourethral glands produce and what is its function?

Answer 21

a clear, slippery fluid that empties directly into the urethra
lubricates urethra and neutralizes any acidity that may be present due to residual drops of urine in the urethra

Question 22

In both sexes, the mass of erectile tissue is overlain by a thin mass of what?

Answer 22

specialized hypaxial musculature

Question 23

What arises from ischium behind the crus of penis or clitoris and wraps around corpora cavernosa to insert on either side of tunica albuginea?

Answer 23

ischiocavernosus muscle

Question 24

The bulbospongiosus muscle arises from ____________ of the urogenital diaphragm and covers the bulb of the penis (m) or vestibular bulb (f).

Answer 24

central tendon

Question 25

In a male, the ischiocavernosus muscle and bulbospongiosus muscle maintain what? How?

Answer 25

maintain erection by contracting venous return of blood

Question 26

In a female, what is the function of the ischiocavernosus muscle and bulbospongiosus muscle?

Answer 26

possibly a sphincter-like function around vaginal opening in females