(second midterm) Lecture 7 (4/25/16) PT. 1

Question 1

The cardiovascular system is derived from what germ layer? The Lymphatic system?

Answer 1

both derived from mesoderm

Question 2

What is the main difference between the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system?

Answer 2

The cardiovascular system has a pump and is a circuit, but the lymphatic system does not have a pump and is not a “loop” & have “terminal end”

Question 3

The cardio & lymph systems both carry WBCs and plasma but the lymph system does NOT carry what?

Answer 3

RBCs

Question 4

Major functions of lymphatic system:

Answer 4

Collects excess water and proteins
Fat transport
Short term immune responses
Develops long term immunity

Question 5

From where does the lymphatic system collect proteins?

Answer 5

interstitial fluid

Question 6

2 types of lymphocytes:

Answer 6

B-lymphocytes

T-lymphocytes

Question 7

B-lymphocytes:

Answer 7

produce specific antibodies

Question 8

T-lymphocytes:

Answer 8

attack specific foreign cells

Question 9

Places where we have a lot of lymph vessels:

Answer 9

Surface of skin
Along guts
Near the mouth, eyes, nose
Near anus, urethra

Question 10

Where are we doing most fat absorption?

Answer 10

Small intestine

Question 11

How is the lymph circulated with no pump?

Answer 11

contraction of smooth muscle in larger vessels
squeezing action of skeletal system
dumps into venous system (connection “pulls” lymph along)

Question 12

Over three-fourths of the body dumps into the _____________.

Answer 12

thoracic duct

Question 13

The thoracic duct dumps into what?

Answer 13

“venous drainage right at the notch of the jugular and subclavian coming together to make the brachiocephalic vein… on the left”

-sumida

Question 14

The thoracic duct begins as a loosely dilated sac that collects lymph from body. That sac is called…

Answer 14

the cysterna chyli

Question 15

The thoracic duct goes through thorax and receives tributaries from…

Answer 15

left subclavian trunk

left jugular trunk

Question 16

Lymph drainage is not the same on both sides. How is the right side drained?

Answer 16

The right lymphatic duct dumps into venous circulation at junction between right subclavian vein and right jugular vein (technically into right brachiocephalic vein)

Question 17

What are the ducks and geese of the thorax?

Answer 17

esophaGOOSE
azyGOOSE
hemiazyGOOSE
vaGOOSE
...that's Sumida's joke, not mine........

Question 18

Other lymphatic structures:

Answer 18

Lymph nodes
Tonsils
Spleen
Thymus gland
Pyer's Patches

Question 19

Scattered along lymph vessels are concentrated masses of lymph tissue called:

Answer 19

lymph nodes

Question 20

Macrophages and lymphocytes reside in the outer region of a lymph node, called…

Answer 20

cortex region

Question 21

What is the inner collecting area of a lymph node?

Answer 21

medulla

Question 22

Afferent vessel vs. Efferent vessel

Answer 22

Afferent = coming in
Efferent = exiting

Question 23

The efferent vessel leaves at the _______

Answer 23

Hilus

Question 24

Biggest lymphoid organ of body:

Answer 24

spleen

Question 25

Different types of tonsils:

Answer 25

Pharyngeal
Palatine
Lingual

Question 26

True or false: the spleen is highly vascularized.

Answer 26

true

Question 27

In the spleen, what passes resident macrophages and lymphocytes?

Answer 27

blood

Question 28

In fetuses, what does the spleen produce? Does that change?

Answer 28

red blood cells

spleen is only called back into action under stressful conditions

Question 29

Review:

What is the arterial supply to spleen?

Answer 29

Splenic artery

from celiac artery

Question 30

The thymus gland is ventral to what?

Answer 30

heart and laryngeal structures

Question 31

The thymus has outer ______ and inner _______.

Answer 31

cortex

medulla

Question 32

The cortex of the thymus contains many what?

Answer 32

lymphocytes

Question 33

The fetal thymus transforms undifferentiated lymphocytes from bone marrow into what?

Answer 33

t-lymphocytes

Question 34

Pyer’s patches are also known as…

Answer 34

aggregated lymph nodes

Question 35

Pyer’s patches are common where?

Answer 35

tonsils
small intestine
appendix

Question 36

What do Pyer’s patches secrete?

Answer 36

antibodies in response to antigens in gut tube, particularly ingested viruses and bacteria