(second midterm) Lecture 7 (4/25/16) PT. 1 Flashcards
The cardiovascular system is derived from what germ layer? The Lymphatic system?
both derived from mesoderm
What is the main difference between the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system?
The cardiovascular system has a pump and is a circuit, but the lymphatic system does not have a pump and is not a “loop” & have “terminal end”
The cardio & lymph systems both carry WBCs and plasma but the lymph system does NOT carry what?
RBCs
Major functions of lymphatic system:
Collects excess water and proteins
Fat transport
Short term immune responses
Develops long term immunity
From where does the lymphatic system collect proteins?
interstitial fluid
2 types of lymphocytes:
B-lymphocytes
T-lymphocytes
B-lymphocytes:
produce specific antibodies
T-lymphocytes:
attack specific foreign cells
Places where we have a lot of lymph vessels:
Surface of skin
Along guts
Near the mouth, eyes, nose
Near anus, urethra
Where are we doing most fat absorption?
Small intestine
How is the lymph circulated with no pump?
contraction of smooth muscle in larger vessels
squeezing action of skeletal system
dumps into venous system (connection “pulls” lymph along)
Over three-fourths of the body dumps into the _____________.
thoracic duct
The thoracic duct dumps into what?
“venous drainage right at the notch of the jugular and subclavian coming together to make the brachiocephalic vein… on the left”
-sumida
The thoracic duct begins as a loosely dilated sac that collects lymph from body. That sac is called…
the cysterna chyli
The thoracic duct goes through thorax and receives tributaries from…
left subclavian trunk
left jugular trunk
Lymph drainage is not the same on both sides. How is the right side drained?
The right lymphatic duct dumps into venous circulation at junction between right subclavian vein and right jugular vein (technically into right brachiocephalic vein)
What are the ducks and geese of the thorax?
esophaGOOSE azyGOOSE hemiazyGOOSE vaGOOSE ...that's Sumida's joke, not mine........
Other lymphatic structures:
Lymph nodes Tonsils Spleen Thymus gland Pyer's Patches
Scattered along lymph vessels are concentrated masses of lymph tissue called:
lymph nodes
Macrophages and lymphocytes reside in the outer region of a lymph node, called…
cortex region
What is the inner collecting area of a lymph node?
medulla
Afferent vessel vs. Efferent vessel
Afferent = coming in Efferent = exiting
The efferent vessel leaves at the _______
Hilus
Biggest lymphoid organ of body:
spleen
Different types of tonsils:
Pharyngeal
Palatine
Lingual
True or false: the spleen is highly vascularized.
true
In the spleen, what passes resident macrophages and lymphocytes?
blood
In fetuses, what does the spleen produce? Does that change?
red blood cells
spleen is only called back into action under stressful conditions
Review:
What is the arterial supply to spleen?
Splenic artery
from celiac artery
The thymus gland is ventral to what?
heart and laryngeal structures
The thymus has outer ______ and inner _______.
cortex
medulla
The cortex of the thymus contains many what?
lymphocytes
The fetal thymus transforms undifferentiated lymphocytes from bone marrow into what?
t-lymphocytes
Pyer’s patches are also known as…
aggregated lymph nodes
Pyer’s patches are common where?
tonsils
small intestine
appendix
What do Pyer’s patches secrete?
antibodies in response to antigens in gut tube, particularly ingested viruses and bacteria
