Hormonez 4 Dayz Flashcards
What hormones are produced in the hypothalamus?
Oxytocin
Vasopressin (ADH)
Releasing hormone (RH)
Inhibiting hormone (IH)
Oxytocin:
(produced in hypothalamus)
- initiates labor
- stimulates mammary glands to release milk
- stimulates uterine contractions in activities other than labor
Vasopressin:
(produced in hypothalamus)
decreases urine output by increasing DCT and collecting duct permeability
Releasing hormones:
(produced in hypothalamus)
stimulate release of anterior pituitary hormones
Inhibiting hormones:
(produced in hypothalamus)
inhibit release of anterior pituitary hormones
Oxytocin and vasopressin are manufactured in the hypothalamus but released where?
posterior pituitary
Anterior pituitary gland hormones:
Growth hormone (GH) Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Lutenizing hormone (LH) Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) Prolactin (PRL)
Growth hormone (GH):
(produced & released in anterior pituitary)
- regulates growth
- affects protein, fat, and carb metabolism
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH):
(produced & released in anterior pituitary)
-controls secretion of thyroxin
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH):
(produced & released in anterior pituitary)
controls secretion of hormones released by adrenal cortex, specifically glucocorticoids
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH):
(produced & released in anterior pituitary)
- females: stimulates maturation of egg cells
- males: stimulates nurse cells for sperm maturation
Lutenizing hormone (LH):
(produced & released in anterior pituitary)
females: stimulates release of ovum by ovary
males: stimulates secretion of testosterone by testes
Prolactin (LH):
(produced & released in anterior pituitary)
stimulates milk production
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH):
(produced & released in anterior pituitary)
along with ACTH, affects pigment release in skin
Pineal gland hormones:
melatonin
Melatonin:
(from pineal gland)
amino acid derivative thought to have connection with regulating sleep
Thymus gland hormones:
Thymosin
Thymus humeral factor
Thymopoietin
Thymosin
Thymus humeral factor
Thymopoietin
convert embryonic lymphocytes into T-cells
Thyroid gland hormones:
Thyroxin
Calcitonin
Thyroxin:
(from thyroid gland)
regulates rate of metabolism
Calcitonin:
(from thyroid gland)
decreases levels of calcium in the blood by inhibiting osteoclasts and increasing calcium excretion
What is partially antagonistic to parathyroid hormones?
calcitonin
Parathyroid gland hormones:
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Parathyroid hormone (PTH):
(from parathyroid hormone)
-raises the level of calcium in the blood by inhibiting osteoblasts and promoting osteoclasts and promoting calcium reabsorption by the kidneys
What is partially antagonistic to calcitonin?
parathyroid hormones
Adrenal gland hormones:
Cortex: mineralcorticoids glucocorticoids androgens Medulla: adrenaline noradrenaline
Mineralcorticoids:
(from the cortex of the adrenal gland)
regulate sodium retention and potassium loss (e.g. aldosterone)
Glucocorticoids:
(from the cortex of the adrenal gland)
act as anti-inflammatory agents; affect metabolism of food
Androgens:
(from the cortex of the adrenal gland)
regulates control over rapid growth spurts in preadolescents
Adrenaline:
(from the medulla of the adrenal gland)
increases heart rate and blood pressure
Noradrenaline:
(from the medulla of the adrenal gland)
constricts arterioles
Pancreas hormones:
glucagon
insulin
Glucagon:
(from the pancreas)
from alpha cells of pancreatic islets, raises blood glucose level
Insulin:
(from the pancreas)
from beta cells of pancreatic islets, lowers blood glucose level
Ovary hormones:
estrogens
progesteron + estrogens
Estrogens:
(from the ovary)
stimulate development of female sex organs and sexual characteristics
Progesterone + estrogens:
(from the ovary)
- regulate menstrual cycle
- maintain pregnancy in presence of developing embryo or fetus
Testes hormones:
testosterone
Testosterone:
(from the testes)
stimulate development of male sex organs, secondary sexual characteristics, and behavioral features
-functions of testosterone and its secretion is tied to secretion of LH from anterior pituitary gland