(final) Lecture 13 (5/23/16) PT. 2

Question 1

Renal arteries are branches of what?

Answer 1

descending aorta

Question 2

Branches of the renal arteries eventually give rise to…

Answer 2

glomeruli

Question 3

Kidneys are drained by…

Which dumps into…

Answer 3

renal veins

inferior vena cava

Question 4

Sympathetic innervation of kidneys:

Ganglion:

Answer 4

T5-T9 & T10-T11

celiac ganglion

Question 5

Sympathetic function of kidneys:

Answer 5

may constrict the blood flow to afferent arterioles which decreases overall kidney output

Question 6

Parasympathetic innervation of kidneys:

Synapse:

Answer 6

Vagus

synapse on target organ

Question 7

Parasympathetic function:

Answer 7

may increase blood flow to kidneys

increase kidney filtration function

Question 8

Vascularization of bladder
Artery:
Vein:

Answer 8

A: superior and inferior vesicle arteries
V: superior and inferior vesicle veins

Question 9

Sympathetic innervation of bladder:

Synapse:

Answer 9

T12-L2

synapse in inferior mesenteric plexus and postgnaglionics leading to hypogastric plexus

Question 10

Sympathetic function of bladder:

Answer 10

• inhibit constriction of muscular wall of bladder (detrusor)
• contract sphincters

Question 11

Parasympathetic innervation of the bladder:

Synapse:

Answer 11

pelvic nerve S2-4

synapse on bladder wall

Question 12

Parasympathetic function of bladder:

Answer 12

• stimulate constriction of muscular wall of bladder (detrusor)
• relax sphincters

Question 13

Which germ layers will usually form epithelia?

Answer 13

ectoderm and endoderm

Question 14

Nerve cells that produce hormones and secrete them into the bloodstream are called…

Answer 14

neurosecretory cells

Question 15

Where are neurosecretory cells found?

Answer 15

hypothalamus

Question 16

Where does the pituitary gland sit?

Answer 16

sella turcica

Question 17

Remember…

What bone contains the sella turcica?

Answer 17

in the medial cranial fossa of the sphenoid bone

Question 18

Two lobes of pituitary:

Answer 18

Anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary

Question 19

The stalk that connects the hypothalamus and the pituitary:

Answer 19

Infundibulum

Question 20

The hypothalamus is derived from…

Answer 20

neural ectoderm

Question 21

The hypothalamus is an outgrowth of…

Answer 21

the brain

Question 22

The name of the posterior pituitary is…
And is an outgrowth of…
Derived from…

Answer 22

Neurohypophysis
hypothalamus
neural ectoderm

Question 23

The name of the anterior pituitary is…
And is an outgrowth of…
Derived from…

Answer 23

Adenohypophysis
roof of mouth
ectoderm

Question 24

Innervation of hypothalamus and pituitary gland:

Answer 24

“innervated by the brain”

- Noriega

Question 25

Some hypothalamic neurons secrete what?

Answer 25

neurohormones

Question 26

What do neurohormones do?

Answer 26

they go down infundibulum and terminate near capillaries serving posterior pituitary

Question 27

Hypothalamus and pituitary gland…
Arterial supply:
Venous drainage

Answer 27

A: circulus arteriosus cerebri
V: cavernous venous sinus

Question 28

Hypothalamic hormone pathway (released by neurohypophysis):

Answer 28

enclosed in vesicles that move down axon and accumulate near terminal ends that are close to the posterior pituitary’s capillaries

Question 29

(neurohypophysis)

In response to an action potential, hormones are released from vesicles into…

Answer 29

venous capillaries

Question 30

(neurohypophysis)

What are manufactured in the hypothalamus but released in the posterior pituitary?

Answer 30

oxytocin

vasopressin

Question 31

(neurohypophysis)

Oxytocin and vasopressin re manufactured where? Released where?

Answer 31

hypothalamus

in the posterior pituitary

Question 32

Hypothalamic hormone pathway (released by adenohypophysis):

Answer 32

enclosed in vesicles that move down axon and accumulate near terminal ends that are close to pituitary stalk

Question 33

(adenohypophysis)

In response to an action potential, hormones are released from vesicles into…

Answer 33

pituitary portal system