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KM Master Sommelier Study > Rhone > Flashcards

Rhone Flashcards

1
Q

Which subregion of Rhone is called Rhone Septentrionale

A

North Rhone

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2
Q

Which subregion of Rhone is called Rhone Maridionale

A

Southern Rhone

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3
Q

What is Vinum Picatum

A

Pitched wine
either a reference to tarry flavours of Syrah from Rhone
Or a reference to resin lined amphorae taste in wine

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4
Q

Which Pope moved his court from Rome to Avignon

A

Pope Clement V

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5
Q

From which mountain does the Mistral blow

A

Massif Central

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6
Q

What kind of climate is in Northern Rhone

A

Continental

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7
Q

What kind of climate is in Southern Rhone

A

Mediterranean

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8
Q

What are the benefits of Mistral for Rhone vineyards

A

Dries the vines and reduces fungal diseases

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9
Q

What are the disadvantages of Mistral

A

High wind may strip or break the vines and also may cause erosion of soil

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10
Q

What kind of soils are found in North Rhone

A

Heat retaining Schistous and Granitic subsoils and thin layer of fine sand and loess top soils

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11
Q

What kind of soils are found in Condrieu

A

Powdery, decomposed mica, known locally as Arzelle

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12
Q

What are the permitted grapes in Hermitage AOP Rouge

A

Min 85% Syrah
Max 15% Marsanne + Rousanne

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13
Q

What are the max yield permitted in Hermitage AOP

A

45hl/ha for white
40 hl/ha for red
15hl/ha for Vin de Paille

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14
Q

Name some Major lieu Dits of Hermitage

A

Les Greffieux
L’Hermite
Les Bessards
Les Beaumes
Le Meal
Les Murets
La Croix
Peleat
Maison Blanche

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15
Q

What are the permitted grapes in Crozes Hermitage AOP Rouge

A

Min 85% Syrah
Max 15% Marsanne + Rousanne

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16
Q

What is the max yield permitted in Crozes Hermitage

A

45 hl/ha

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17
Q

What are the permitted grape varieties in Cornas

A

100% Syrah

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18
Q

What is the max yield permitted in Cornas

A

40 hl/ha

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19
Q

What are the principal soils in Cornas

A

Granite

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20
Q

What are the major lieu dits of Cornas

A

Reynard
Chaillots
La Cote
Les Cotes
Les Mazards

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21
Q

What are the permitted grape varieties in Cote Rotie

A

Min 80% Syrah
Max 20% Viognier

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22
Q

What is the max permitted yield in Cote Rtie

A

40 hl/ha

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23
Q

What are the major soil types in Cote Rotie

A

Côte Brune (north): mica-schistous rock
Côte Blonde (south): gneiss

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24
Q

What are the permitted grape varieties in St Joseph Rouge

A

Min 90% syrah
Max 10% Marsanne + Rousanne

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25
Q

What are the max permitted yield in St Joseph

A

40 hl/ha

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26
Q

What are the advantages of co fermentation of white and red grapes in Rhone

A

It stabilizes colour and moderates tannin extraction

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27
Q

Who is the largest producer in Cote Rotie

A

E Guigal

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28
Q

Which two slopes near the town of Ampuis are considered the heart of Cote Rotie

A

Cote Brun- bolder assertive wines
Cote Blonde -softer alluring wines

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29
Q

Which cru designate of Cote Rotie makes the most sought after wines

A

La Landonne - most famous from Guigal and Rostaing

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30
Q

Where is La Mouline located

A

Cote Blonde

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31
Q

Where is La Turque located

A

Cote Brun

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32
Q

Who are the major producers in Hermitage

A

Estate JL Chave
Negociants:
Chapoutier
Delas
Paul Jaboulet Aine

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33
Q

Who is the La Chapelle bottling of Jaboulet names after

A

Gaspard de Sterimberg - crusader turned hermit

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34
Q

Which climat is La Chapelle located in

A

L’Hermite

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35
Q

Which northern Rhone region is considered the warmest

A

Cornas

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36
Q

Why is Cornas the warmest in North Rhone

A

Due to the granite soils (Gore) and its location that is shielded from Mistral winds

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37
Q

Who is considered the traditional style standard bearer of Cornas

A

Auguste Clape:
Making wines with whole cluster in demi muids and long maceration

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38
Q

What kind of wines does St Peray AOP makes

A

White and sparkling wines from Marsanne and Rousanne

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39
Q

What is the method used for making sparkling wines in St Peray

A

Methode traditionelle - 12 months ageing before release

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40
Q

What are the max permitted yields in St Peray

A

White - 45hl/ha
Sparkling - 52 hl/ha

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41
Q

What do Marsanne and Rousanne contribute to the blend

A

Roussanne adds acidity and waxy minerality to Marsanne’s broader, oily texture and marzipan character

42
Q

What are the grapes used in making Vin de Paille in Hermitage

A

Marsanne and Rousanne - dried after harvest for min 45 days
Potential alc 19.5, min acquired 12.5

43
Q

What are the grape varieties permitted in Condrieu AOP

A

Viognier - 100%

44
Q

What is the min alc required for Condrieu

A

11.5% for dry wines
13% if wines have RS - min 45g/l required

45
Q

What are th restrictions on harvest in Condrieu AOP

A

Manual harvest only

46
Q

What is the max yield permitted in Condrieu

A

41hl/ha

47
Q

Name few key proponents who revived Condrieu

A

Yves Cuilleron, Georges Vernay, Andre Perret

48
Q

Who is the current owner of Ch Grillet? Who was the previous owner

A

Francois Pinault (Artemis Domaines) is the current owner.
He purchased from Neyret Gachet in 2011

49
Q

What is the max permitted yield in Ch Grillet

A

37 hl/ha.
Other restrictions like manual harvest and 11.5 % min alc, same as Condrieu

50
Q

Which Rhone tributary has 4 north Rhone appellations

A

Drome river

51
Q

Which Rhone appellations lie on the Drome river

A

Coteaux de Die
Cremant de Die
Clairette de Die
Chatillon en Dioise

52
Q

What kind of wines are made in Coteaux de Die AOP

A

Dry white wines from 100% Clairette grape (max 6 g/l RS)

53
Q

What kind of wines are made in Cremant de Die AOP

A

Traditional method sparkling wines - min 9 months on the lees and 12 months ageing before release

54
Q

What are the permitted grapes in Cremant de Die AOP

A

Clairette - min 55%
Aligote - min 10%
Muscat B et PG - Max 10%

55
Q

What kind of wines are produced in Clairette de Die AOP

A

Traditional method Sparkling with 100% Clairette Blanc

Ancestral method Sparkling white with min 75% Muscat Blanc et Petit grains + Clairette

Ancestral method Sparkling Rose with Min 75% Muscat Blanc et Petit Grains + Gamay max 10% and Clairette

56
Q

What is the min ageing required for Methode Ancestrale sparkling wines from Clairette de Die AOP

A

4 months on the lees

57
Q

What is the method used for disgorging methode ancestrale wines in Clairette de Die AOP

A

Transversage

58
Q

What is the min RS in Ancestral method Clairette de Die AOP wines

A

Min 35 g/l RS
No Liqueur de Expedition permitted

59
Q

What kind of wines are made in Chatillon en Diois AOP

A

White wines from Chardonnay and Aligote
Red and Rose wines from min 60% Gamay with Syrah and Pinot Noir

60
Q

How much wine does South Rhone produce

A

Approx 95% of the total Rhone production

61
Q

What are the pudding stones of Chateauneuf du Pape called

A

Galets
Made from Quartzite and smoothened by river

62
Q

What is râpé in CNDP

A

A min. 2% of the harvested grapes must be used for table wine or discarded

63
Q

What is the min alc required in CNDP

A

12.5% - no chaptalisation permitted

64
Q

What is the max yield permitted in CNDP

A

35 hl/ha - randement de Base
Max 42 hl/ha including Rape

65
Q

What are the permitted grapes in CNDP

A

Grenache (Noir, Gris and Blanc),
Mourvèdre,
Syrah,
Cinsault,
Counoise,
Bourboulenc,
Roussanne,
Brun Argenté (Vaccarèse),
Clairette, Clairette Rosé,
Muscardin,
Picardan,
Piquepoul (Noir, Gris and Blanc),
Terret Noir

66
Q

What is special about Ch de Beaucastel CNDP

A

Château de Beaucastel Rouge includes a significant proportion of Mourvèdre and is famously produced from a blend of every authorized variety

67
Q

What is dfferent about Chateau Rayas CNDP

A

Château Rayas often releases their Châteauneuf-du-Pape Rouge as a 100% varietal Grenache

68
Q

Which producer released the first estate bottled Chateau neuf du Pape?

A

Chateau La Nerthe in 1785

69
Q

What is the max yield permitted in Cotes du Rhone

A

51hl/ha

70
Q

Which vineyards are excluded from Grenache being the principal grape in the blend of Cotes du Rhone?

A

Vineyards north of Montelimar

71
Q

What is the max permitted yield in Cotes du Rhone Villages AOP

A

Côtes du Rhône-Villages: 44 hl/ha
Côtes du Rhône-Villages with Subzone Designation: 41 hl/ha

72
Q

Name few key CDR Villages

A

Chusclan
Gadagne
Laudun
St Gervais
Sablet
Nyons

73
Q

Which was the first Cotes du Rhone Village upgraded to its own AOP

A

Gigondas in 1971 - red and rose wines only initially
White added from 2023

74
Q

What kind of soils are found in Gigondas

A

Red clay alluvial soils

75
Q

What kind of soils are found in CNDP

A

Beyond the iconic galets; distinct pockets of alluvial sediment exist for gravel, calcareous clay, and sand

76
Q

What is the principal grape for making white Gigondas wines

A

Clairette - min 70%

77
Q

What is the min alc required in Gigondas

A

Min 12% for Blanc
Min 12.5% for Rose and Rouge

78
Q

What is the Max Yield in Gigondas

A

White - 40 hl/ha
Red and Rose - 36 hl/ha

79
Q

What kind of wines are made in Vacqueras AOP

A

White, rose and red wines from blends of Rhone varieties.
Min 50% Grenache required in red wines

80
Q

What is the max permitted yield in Vacqueras

A

36 hl/ha

81
Q

What kind of wines are permitted in Beaumes de Venise AOP

A

Red wines only.
Blends of Grenache and Syrah

82
Q

What is the max permitted yield and min alc in Beaumes de Venise and Vinsobre AOP

A

Max 38hl/ha
Min 12.5% alc

83
Q

What kinds of wines are produced in Vinsobre AOP

A

Red wines only
Mainly Grenache (min 50%) based blends

84
Q

What kind of wines does Cairanne AOP produce

A

Dry white and red wines from rhone varieties, majorly Grenache for reds

85
Q

What is minimum requirement for declaring Vieille Vignes in Cairanne

A

Min 30yrs, Min 20 for Syrah and Viognier
Plots must be min 5 YO before Cairanne can be produced

86
Q

What are the southern Rhone appellations on left bank of Rhone river

A

Cotes du Vivarais
Lirac
Tavel
Costieres de Nimes
Duches de Uzes

87
Q

Which French region wasthe doorway to phylloxera in France

A

Lirac

88
Q

What kind of wines and yields are permitted in Lirac

A

White wines from mainly Clairette and Bouboulenc
Red wines from mainly Grenache
Max yields 41hl/ha

89
Q

What kind of wines are produced in Tavel AOP

A

Rose wines only
Min 46 hl/ha

90
Q

What are the sweet wine appellations of Rhone

A

Rasteau and Muscat de Beaumes de Venise

91
Q

Which cooperative produces majority of the wines in Muscat de Beaumes de Venise

A

Vigneron de Beaumes de Venise - 90% of the total production

92
Q

What kind of wines are produced in Muscat de Beaumes de Venise AOP

A

White Rose and Red VDN from Muscat grapes

93
Q

What is the min alc and RS required in Muscat de Beaumes de Venise AOP

A

Min 15% alc (potential 21.5%)
Min 100 g/l RS

94
Q

What are the style of wines permitted in Rasteau AOP

A

Fortified VDN from Grenache Blanc/Gris/Noir in white, rose and red colours
Red wines from Grenache blends

95
Q

Which communes are allowed to produce Rasteau VDN

A

Rasteau
Sablet
Cairanne

96
Q

What kind of VDN are produced in Rasteau

A

Blanc (White Fresh)
Ambre (White, Tawny)
Grenat (Red, Fresh)
Tuille (Red, Tawny)
VDN Hors d’Age
VDN Rancio

97
Q

Which is the northern most appellation of Southern Rhone

A

Grignan de Adhemar

98
Q

What was the old name of Grignan de Adhemar? Why did they change

A

Cotes du Tricastin.
Due to association with Tricastin nuclear power plant.

99
Q

What are the key upcoming AOP of Southern Rhone

A

Luberon
Ventoux
Coted du Vivarais

100
Q

Which AOP was shifted from Languedoc to Rhone for INAO to overlook

A

Costieres de Nimes AOP

101
Q

What kind of wines are produced in Clairette de Bellegarde AOP

A

Dry white wines based on Clairette grape

102
Q

What kind of wines are produced in Duches d’Uzes

A

White wines from majorly Viognier with other whites
Rose from Mainly Grenache
Reds from mainly Syrah with others

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