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KM Master Sommelier Study > Australia > Flashcards

Australia Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

When were the first vines planted in Australia

A

1788

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2
Q

Where were the first cuttings for Australia taken from

A

Cape of Good Hope, South Africa

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3
Q

Who started varietal labeling in Australia

A

Maurice o Shea of Mt. Pleasant in Hunter

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4
Q

What was the first vintage of Grange Hermitage

A

1951

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5
Q

Who created Penfolds’ Grange Hermitage

A

Max Schubert, winemaker of Penfolds from 1948 to 75

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6
Q

When was the first Hill of Grace produced

A

1958

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7
Q

What are the minimums for grape, vintage and region in Australian Label integrity program

A

85%

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8
Q

What are the different levels of GI in Australia

A

States - Zones - Regions - Sub Regions

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9
Q

What are regions and subregions in Australia

A

Single tracts of land comprising at least 5 independently owned vineyards of 5 hectares each, producing at least 500 tons of grapes every year.

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10
Q

Which states does South East Australia superzone encompass

A

Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia

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11
Q

What is Topaque

A

A wine style from Rutherglen formerly known as Rutherglen Tokay

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12
Q

What is Apera

A

Australian term for sherry style wines

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13
Q

What is sesquiterpene Rotundane

A

A chemical compound found in Syrah, responsible for the peppery notes

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14
Q

What is partial rootzone drying

A

A technique of drip irrigation in which the water is applied to only one side of the row, keeping the other side dry.
It reduces the water usage by 50% while not reducing the yields or stressing the vine too much

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15
Q

What is regulated deficit irrigations

A

The plant is provided water only during the fruiting phase, it regulates the water supply but overstresses the vine in hot and dry areas

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16
Q

What are the zones in South Australia GI

A

Far North
Lower Murray
Mount Lofty Ranges
Barossa
Fleurieu
Limestone coast
The Peninsulas
~~~

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17
Q

What are the zones in Adelaide Superzone

A

Adelaide Hills
Adelaide Plains
Mount Lofty Ranges

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18
Q

What are the regions in Barossa Zone

A

Barossa Valley

Eden Valley

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19
Q

What are the regions in Fleurieu

A 
Currency Creek
Kangaroo island
Mclaren Vale
Langhorn Creek
Southern Fleurieu
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20
Q

What are the subregions of Eden Valley

A

High eden

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21
Q

What are the subregions of Adelaide Hills

A

Lenswood

Piccadilly Valley

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22
Q

What are the regions in Mount Lofty ranges zone

A

Adelaide Hills
Adelaide Plains
Clare Valley

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23
Q

What region do you have in Far north Zone

A

Southern Flinders ranges

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24
Q

What are the regions in Lower Murray Zone

A

Riverland

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25
Q

Which zone of South Australia doesn’t have a region

A

The Peninsulas

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26
Q

What are the regions in Limestone Coast Zone

A 
Coonawarra
Mount Benson
Padthaway
Robe
Wrattenbully
Mount Gambier
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27
Q

Which was barossa’s first commercial winery

A

Orlando Wines - owners of Jacob’s Creek brand

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28
Q

Which are world’s oldest Syrah wines?

A

Freedom Vineyard of Langmeil in Barossa valley - planted 1843

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29
Q

What are Australia’s Oldest Cabernet Sauvignon vines

A

Penfold’s Block 42 Kalimna - 1888

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30
Q

What is Barossa Old vine charter

A 
A self regulated classification of vineyard age in the region. The catagories are
Old Vines - at least 35 YO
Survivor vines - at least 70 YO
Centenarian vines - at least 100 YO
Ancestor vines - at least 125 YO
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31
Q

Which is the largest fine wine region of Australia

A

Barossa Valley

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32
Q

Who produces 100 YO Para Liqueur

A

Seppeltsfield in Barossa Valley

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33
Q

What kind of soils are found in Barossa

A

Deep loamy clay with enough underground water for irrigation

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34
Q

Who produced first Sparkling reds from Australia

A

Edmund Mazure in Adelaide

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35
Q

Name few good producers of sparkling Shiraz

A

Peter Rumball
Rockford
Seppelt Great Western

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36
Q

Name a top Semillon from South Australia

A

Peter Lehmann Margaret Semillon

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37
Q

Which was the first winery in Eden Valley

A

Pewsey Vale - Joseph Gilbert in 1847

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38
Q

Explain geography and climate of Eden Valley

A

400 - 600 m above sea level
Rolling hills, water scarcity and salinity
Thin red clay with granite outcrops

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39
Q

What is generational farming in McLaren Vale

A

A sustainable farming initiative of approx 40 producers in McLaren Vale

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40
Q

Which cooler area in Mclaren Vale harvests a month later than the warmer western vineyards

A

Clarendon

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41
Q

Which areas in Mclaren Vale have sandier soils for Grenache to Flourish

A

Blewitt Springs

Kangarilla

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42
Q

Who owns Stonyfell vineyard in Langhorn Creek

A

Metala

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43
Q

Which is the smallest GI in fleurieu zone

A

Kangaroo Island

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44
Q

Which was the site of first colonial settlement in Australia

A

Kangaroo Island

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45
Q

Explain geography and climate of clare valley

A

400 - 600 m elevation
series of contoured north south ridges, depressions and sub valleys
Spring frost can cause a challenge in cooler parts of polish hill, water vale and auburn
Dry climate with low growing season rainfall
Blue slate bedrock with clay top soil in many parts of Clare valley

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46
Q

Name few key producers of Clare valley

A 
Grosset
Kilikanoon
Jim Barry
Wendouree
Taylor's (Wakefield)
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47
Q

What is the principal grape in Piccadilly Valley

A

Chardonnay

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48
Q

What is the principal variety in Lenswood GI

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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49
Q

Name few key producers of Adelaide Hills

A 
Petaluma
Shaw + Smith
Golding
BK Wines
The Lane
Bird in Hand
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50
Q

Which GI has the historic Magill estate of Penfolds

A

Just outside of Adelaide Plains

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51
Q

What kind of soil and climate are found in Coonawarra

A

Red clay loam over soft limestone, terra rossa soils
It offers good drainage as well as water retention
Flat region with cool mediterranean climate, cold winters

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52
Q

Who planted first vineyards in Coonawarra

A

John Riddoch in 1891 - Chateau Comaum

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53
Q

What is claimed to be the reason for mint notes in Australian reds

A

Due to red gums eucalyptus trees’ aromatic monoterpene - eucalyptol. It can be transferred from tree leaves to grapes through air

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54
Q

Name the most famous Wrattonbully producer

A

Tapanappa

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55
Q

What grapes are prominently grown in Mount Gambier GI

A

Pinot Noir

Sauvignon Blanc

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56
Q

Which GI is the leader in wine production by volume in Australia

A

Riverland - 25% of national grape tonnage

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57
Q

Which river flows through Riverland GI

A

Murray

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58
Q

Name few key producers in Riverland GI

A

Oxford Landing
Banrock Station
Berri
Kingston Estate

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59
Q

Name the zones of NSW

A 
Northern Slopes
Northern Rivers
Hunter Valley
South Coast
Southern NSW
Central Ranges
Big Rivers
Western Plains
60
Q

Which zone in NSW doesn’t have a region in it

A

Western Plains

61
Q

Name the regions in big rivers zone

A

Murray Darling
Perricoota
Riverina
Swan Hill

62
Q

Name the GI regions in Central ranges Zone

A

Cowra
Mudgee
Orange

63
Q

Name the region in Hunter Valley zone

A

Hunter

64
Q

What are the subregions in Hunter region

A

Pokolbin
Broke Fordwich
Upper Hunter Valley

65
Q

What region is part of Northern Rivers zone

A

Hastings river

66
Q

What is the region in Northern Slopes zone of NSW

A

New England Australia

67
Q

Name the regions of Southern coast zone in NSW

A

Shoalhaven Coast

Southern Highlands

68
Q

Name the regions of Southern NSW Zone

A

Canberra District
Tumbarumba
Hilltops
Gundagai

69
Q

Which is the oldest continuously operating winery of Australia

A

Wyndham Estate - 1828 - George Wyndham

70
Q

What are the unofficial subregions of Lower Hunter

A 
Pokolbin
Broke Fordwich
Allandale
Belford
Dalwood
Rothbury
71
Q

Name few key producers of Hunter Valley

A

Tyrell’s
Brokenwood
McWilliams Mount Pleasant
Audrey Wilkinson

72
Q

Describe the climate of Hunter valley

A

Region IV on winkler scale
Subtropical and humid with almost 500 mm rainfall during growing season
Early autumn with cloud cover, resulting in early harvest decisions

73
Q

Which grape was called Hunter riesling

A

Semillon

74
Q

Name some top Semillons from Hunter Valley

A

Tyrell’s Vat 1

Brokenwood ILR Reserve

75
Q

Which wine was Australia’s first varietal Chardonnay

A

1971 Vat 47 Pinot Chardonnay - Tyrell’s

76
Q

Where were the first Chardonnay plantings in Australia

A

Mudgee GI in central ranges zone

77
Q

Which is the highest region in Australia

A

Orange GI in central ranges zone

600 m to 1000 m + elevation

78
Q

Which grape variety can make good quality wines in Hastings river GI of Northern river zone

A

Semillon

79
Q

Which is the most planted grape in Southern Highlands GI in South Coast Zone

A

Tempranillo

80
Q

What are the two big rivers in big rivers zone

A

Murray

Murrumbidgee

81
Q

Which is the largest family owned wine company in Australia

A

Casella wines

82
Q

Name few key producers in Riverina

A

Casella Wines
De Bortoli
McWilliams

83
Q

What kind of climate do you find in Canberra distt GI in South NSW Zone

A

Mild continental climate

84
Q

name some good producers in Canberra Distt GI

A

Clonakilla

Lark Hill

85
Q

Which other GI does Clonakilla sources Shiraz from

A

Hilltops GI

86
Q

What kind of climate is found in Tumbarumba

A

Cool climate in the backdrop of snow covered great dividing range
Frost prone yet suitable for sparkling wine production

87
Q

Which grape varieties thrive in Tumbarumba

A

Chardonnay

Pinot Noir

88
Q

What are the zones in Victoria GI

A 
North East Victoria
North west Victoria
Western Victoria
Central Victoria
Port Phillip Bay
Gippsland
89
Q

Which zone in Victoria doesn’t have a region

A

Gippsland

90
Q

What are the regions in Central Victoria Zone

A 
Bendigo
Heathcote
Goulburn
Strathbogie Ranges
Upper Goulburn
91
Q

Name a subregion of Goulburn Valley

A

Nagambie lakes

92
Q

Name the regions in North East Victoria zone

A 
Alpine Valley
Beechworth
Glenrowan
King Valley
Rutherglen
93
Q

Name the regions in North west Victoria Zone

A

Murray Darling

Swan Hill

94
Q

Name the regions in Port Phillip Zone

A 
Geelong
Macedon Ranges
Mornington Peninsula
Sunbury
Yarra Valley
95
Q

Name the regions in Western Victoria Zone

A

Grampiens
Henty
Pyrenees

96
Q

Name a subregion of Grampiens

A

Great Western

97
Q

Which was the first vineyard in Victoria

A

Yering Station

98
Q

Which was the most prodigious region in Australia, pre phylloxera

A

Geelong

99
Q

What kind of geography and climate are found in Port Phillip Zone

A

Close proximity to Yarra River delta - Port Phillip Zone
Connected to southern Ocean - chilling winds from South Pole cools the zone
Mediterranean climate - Winkler I or II
Elevation in north - Macedon Ranges

100
Q

What kind of soils are found in Yarra Valley

A

Lower Yarra Valley - sandy loam soils - warmer

Upper Yarra Valley - younger red Basalt soils - cooler due to elevation

101
Q

What are the differences between Pinot Noir grown in upper and lower Yarra Valley

A

Warmer lower Yarra producer plumper and less aromatic Pinot noir
Cooler upper yarra produces more mineral and defined, aromatic Pinot Noir

102
Q

Which grape do well in Mornington Peninsula

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Pinot Gris

103
Q

Name a leading producer in Mornington Peninsula

A

Ten minutes by Tractor

Kooyong estate

104
Q

Name some leading producers in Geelong

A

Bannockburn Estate

By Farr

105
Q

Which is the coolest region on Australian mainland

A

Macedon Ranges - 400 - 600 m elevation

106
Q

Name a top boutique producer in Macedon Ranges

A

Bindi Wine Growers

107
Q

Where is famous producer Jasper Hill located

A

Heathcote region in Central Victoria Zone

108
Q

What kind of soils are found in Heathcote

A

Red earth rich in Cambrian Volcanic green stone found in eastern side of heathcote

109
Q

Which mountain range exists in Heathcote and bendigo

A

Mount Camel Ranges

110
Q

Where is tahbilk located

A

Nagambie lake subregion of Goulburn Valley

111
Q

What grapes are found in Upper Goulburn Valley and Strathbogie ranges

A

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

600 - 800 m elevation

112
Q

Which river makes the northern border of Rutherglen GI

A

Murray river

113
Q

What is another name for Durif grape

A

Petite Sirah

114
Q

What are the different catagories of Rutherglen Muscat

A

Classic Muscat
Grand Muscat
Rare Muscat

115
Q

Which wineries produce Fortified Muscat Wines

A 
All Saints
Campbells
Chambers
Morris
Stanton and Kileen
Rutherglen Estates
Buller
Pfieffer
116
Q

Which grape variety is used for making Topaque

A

Muscadelle (Bordeaux variety)

117
Q

Which grape variety is used for making Rutherglen Muscat

A

Muscat Rouge a petit Grains (Brown Muscat)

118
Q

Which other region makes wines similar to Rutherglen in Australia

A

Glenrowan

119
Q

What kind of wines are mainly produced in King Valley

A

Sparkling Wines

120
Q

Which Victoria regions are shared with NSW

A

Murray Darling

Swan Hill

121
Q

In which region is the producer Best’s located

A

Grampiens GI

122
Q

What are different catagories of Muscats in Rutherglen, with their respective ages

A

Rutherglen Muscat - 3 to 5 yrs, RS 180 to 240 g/l
Rutherglen Classic Muscat - 6 to 10 yrs, RS 200 to 280 g/l
Rutherglen Grand Muscat - 11 to 19 yrs, RS 270 to 400 g/l
Rutherglen Rare Muscat - 20 years plus, RS 270 to 400 g/l

123
Q

What grape varieties thrive in Henty GI

A

Cool climate region
Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Riesling

124
Q

Which grapes excel in Gippsland Zone

A

Chardonnay

Pinot Noir

125
Q

Which top Pinot Noir producer of Australia is based on Gippsland GI

A

Bass Phillip Estate

126
Q

What are the zones in Western Australia

A 
Eastern plains, Inland and north of Western Australia
West Australian South East Coastal
Central Western Australia
South West Australia
Greater Perth
127
Q

What are the regions in Greater Perth Zone

A

Peel
Perth Hills
Swan District

128
Q

What is the subregion in Swan district region

A

Swan valley

129
Q

What are the regions in South West Australia

A 
Blackwood Valley
Geographe
Great Southern
Manjimup
Margaret River
Pemberton
130
Q

What are the subregions in great southern

A 
Albany
Denmark
Frankland River
Mount Barker
Porongurup
131
Q

Which are the two oldest wineries in Western Australia

A

Houghton

Sandalford

132
Q

Who proposed to develop Margaret river as a region

A

Dr. John Gladstone

133
Q

What were the proposed unofficial sub regions of Margaret River

A 
Yallingup
Wilyabrup
Wallcliffe
Karridale
Carbunup
Treeton
134
Q

Which two pioneers of Margaret river region are based in Wallcliffe sub region

A

Cape Mentelle

Leeuwin Estate

135
Q

Which Pioneers of Margaret River are based in Wilyabrup subregion

A

Cullen
Moss Wood
Vasse Felix

136
Q

What kind of climate does Margaret River have

A

Mediterranean

Dry summers and rainy winters

137
Q

Which are the coastal GI’s of great southern

A

Albany

Denmark

138
Q

Which are the inland GI’s of great southern region

A

Porongurup
Mount Barker
Frankland River

139
Q

Where is forest Hill vineyard located

A

Mount Barker subregion of Great southern

140
Q

Name an interesting producer of Geographe

A

Capel Vale

141
Q

What is the sole appellation on the island of Tasmania

A

Tasmania GI

142
Q

Which is the most important region in northern Tasmania

A

Tamar River

143
Q

Which is the most important region in Southern Tasmania

A

Coal River

144
Q

Which Tasmanian producer had a partnership with Louis Roederer

A

Jansz

145
Q

Which is the northernmost GI in Australia

A

South Burnett in Queensland

146
Q

What are the two GI’s of Queensland

A

South Burnett

Granite Belt

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