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KM Master Sommelier Study > Champagne > Flashcards

Champagne Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Name the GC villages of Montagne de Reims

A

Sillery
Puisieulx
Beaumont Sur Vesle
Verzenay
Mailly
Verzy
Louvois
Bouzy
Ambonnay

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2
Q

Name the GC villages of Valee de la Marne

A

Tours Sur Marne
Ay

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3
Q

Name the GC villages of Cote des Blancs

A

Chouilly
Oiry
Cramant,
Avize
Oger
Mesnil sur Oger

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4
Q

Name 5 1er Cru of Montagne de Reims

A

Chigny Les Roses
Rilly la Montagne
Sacy
Tauxieres Mutry
Vrigny

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5
Q

Name 5 1er Cru of Valee de la Marne

A

Cumieres
Dizy
Hautvillers
Merieul Sur Ay
Mutigny

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6
Q

Name 5 1er Cru of Cote des Blancs

A

Cuis
Etrechy
Pierry
Vertus
Bergeres les Vertus

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7
Q

What are the 5 departments of Champagne

A

Marne (66%)
Haut Marne
Seine et Marne
Aube (23%)
Aisne (10%)

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8
Q

What is Zone de Elaboration in Champagne

A

Area of champagne region where the champagne grapes, juice and wine can move around or be vinified, it cannot leave the zone until commercialised.

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9
Q

What is Zone de production in champagne

A

The defined villages and areas where the vineyards are located

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10
Q

What is Zone parcellaire de production de raisins in champagne

A

The parcels of vineyards allowed to produce grapes for champagne. Approx 35K hectares

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11
Q

Which two major champagne producers grown all 7 permitted grapes in champagne

A

Drappier (all 8) & Laherte Freres

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12
Q

Which grape variety has recently been permitted in champagne for experimentation

A

Voltis (fungal resistant hybrid)

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13
Q

What grape species are involved in creating Voltis grape of champagne

A

Vitis berlandieri, Vitis rupestris, Vitis vinifera, and Muscadinia

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14
Q

What is minimum potential alcohol required in champagne

A

9%

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15
Q

What is the max RS permitted in the vin claire of champagne

A

10 g/l

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16
Q

How much of a year’s harvest can be sold as vintage champagne

A

80% max

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17
Q

What percentage of grapes from the vintage are required in vintage champagne

A

100%

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18
Q

What is the minimum elevage required for champagne

A

NV - 15 months from tirage (12 on lees)
Vintage - 36 months from Tirage (12 on lees)

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19
Q

What are the permitted training methods for vines in champagne

A

Chablis,
Cordon de Royat,
Vallée de la Marne (allowed for Meunier only),
Guyot (simple or double)

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20
Q

What are the max permitted yields in champagne

A

10400 kg/ha

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21
Q

What is the max permitted press yield in champagne

A

102 liters/160 kg

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22
Q

What is rebeche

A

0-10% of the juice pressed at the end of the pressing, for distillation. It is a must to show that champagne grapes were not too hard pressed

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23
Q

What is belemnite chalk

A

Found in the vineyards of champagne, this chalk is from cephalopods fossils (Octopus, squids etc). Found on the slopes

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24
Q

What is Micraster Chalk

A

Found in champagne vineyards, generally flatter parts, made of extinct sea urchin fossils

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25
Q

Where is Champagne located

A

between 48th and 49th parallel, north of France

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26
Q

What has changed in Champagne harvests

A

Champagne has seen 6 August harvests since 2003, usually happens late September to October otherwise

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27
Q

What changes in August harvest

A

Diurnal difference is only 5 degrees vs 10 to 15 in Sep - Oct. That changes the acid and ripeness composition in grapes

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28
Q

Where do you find Gouais Blanc planted

A

In Haut Valais in Switzerland, called Gwass or piedmont, Italy - called Previeral

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29
Q

When did Chardonnay first appear on Cahiers de Charge of Champagne as a variety

A
  1. It was assumed to be part of diverses variétés de pinot in Cahiers before
30
Q

Which grape was known in champagne as Plant Doré, Morillon, Noirien, and Auvernat

A

Pinot Noir

31
Q

Which grape is known as Fromentou in champagne

A

Pinot Gris

32
Q

What are the 8 districts of Champagne

A

Montagne de Reims
Valee de la Marne
Cote des Blancs
Cote Sezenne
Cot des Bars
Coteaux du Morin
Vitryat
Montgeuex

33
Q

What are the subdistricts of Montagne de Reims

A

Grande Montagne;
Massif de Saint-Thierry;
Monts de Berru;
Ardre Valley,
Vesle Valley,
City of Reims

34
Q

Which subregion of Reims contains all the GC vineyards

A

Grande Montagne

35
Q

Which is the northernmost 1er cru in champagne

A

Vrigny

36
Q

What are the two famous single clos within city walls of Reims

A

Clos Pompadour (Pommery)
Clos Lanson (Lanson)

37
Q

Name the subregions of Valee de la Marne

A

Grande Vallée,
Région d’Épernay,
Terroir de Condé,
Western Marne Valley, Right Bank,
Left Bank

38
Q

Which vineyards were at 99% in Echelle de Cru

A

Tauxieres Mutry and Mereuil sur Ay

39
Q

Where is Philiponnat Clos de Goisses located

A

Mereuil Sur Ay

40
Q

Who owns Château de la Marquetterie

A

Taittinger - in Epernay

41
Q

Which district is Drappier located in

A

Cote des Bar - Bar sur Aube

42
Q

What was the name of Mumm’s cremant? What is it called now

A

Mumm Cremant de Cramant. It is called Mumm de Cramant now

43
Q

Why is autolytic process enhanced in Vintage champagne compared to non vintage champagne

A

Protein drops out during ageing of reserve wines. Protein enhances the autolysis

44
Q

When was Cristal first made for Czar Alexander II

A

1876

45
Q

What was the first vintage of Dom Perignon

A

1921 - released in 1936

46
Q

Which of the founding members of Champagne club Tresors still part of it

A

Pierre Gimonnet, Gaston Chiquet, and Paul Bara

47
Q

What was another name for Clos du Mesnil

A

Clos de la Chapitre

48
Q

What was the first vintage of Krug Clos de Mesnil

A

1979 (released in 1986)

49
Q

Which is the single vineyard champagne from Drappier

A

Grand Sandree

50
Q

Which two villages of Montagne de Reims produce excellent Blanc de Blanc

A

Trépail and Villers-Marmery

51
Q

What was the first Rose Champagne produced

A

Ruinart’s Oeil de Perdrix Mousseux -1764

52
Q

What can save the Rose champagne from losing colour to precipitation over time

A

Gum Arabic added to Liqueur de Expedition

53
Q

What is the margin of error in stated and actual RS of champagne

A

+/- 3%
(0% for Brut Nature)

54
Q

What are the different terms used for Brut Nature

A

brut zero, brut sauvage, ultra brut, and sans sucre

55
Q

What is en Foule planting

A

pre phylloxera plantings by layering the vineyard, upto 25K vines per ha

56
Q

Which training methods are permitted for Grand and Premiere Cru vineyards of Champagne

A

Chablis
Cordon

57
Q

What is the max permitted press yield in Champagne

A

2550 ltrs juice from 4000 kg grapes (2500 left after fermentation)

58
Q

What is the max permitted yield in champagne

A

Max permitted to be harvested for champagne 15500 kg/ha (this is the higher permitted level, above the randement de base

59
Q

What are the double safeguards in champagne to ensure yield stays within permitted levels

A

Not more than 18 bunches per square meter, no individual parcel shall exceed 21700 hl/ha

60
Q

What is max annual yield in champagne

A

Yearly decided yield by CIVC, it includes the wines used as blocage for emergency

61
Q

What is max personal reserve (Blocage)

A

Unclassified AOC wines stored as reserves in good abundent vintages as safeguard for bad vintages in champagne. May be replaced with younger vintage as and when needed.

62
Q

What is Bouchon de Tirage

A

Cork used on champagne during second fermentation

63
Q

What is Agrafe

A

The clip used to secure cork during second fermentation in champagne

64
Q

What is capsule couronne

A

Crown cap used for second fermentation in champagne

65
Q

What is Bidule

A

a small silicone pot that collects the sediment during riddling

66
Q

What is coup de poignet

A

Ocsillating and tilting of champagne bottle in Pupitre, performed simultaneously

67
Q

What is sur pointe

A

Bottle of champagne stored upside down, with sediments in bidule

68
Q

What is the newest technology in riddling

A

Ultrasonic riddling by attaching Piezoelectric transducers to the bottles. Can riddle within 1 to 4 hours

69
Q

What is dégorgement à la glace

A

Disgorging champagne by freezing the neck in propylene glycol at a temp of -25 to -30 degree C

70
Q

What is à la volé method

A

Disgorgement by hand, usually performed on bottles with cork and agrafe

71
Q

What is liqueur d’expédition

A

The final dosage added to champagne, mix of sugar, SO2 and wine

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