Port Flashcards
What is Quinquina
Fortified and aromatised wines flavoured with Cinchona Bark
What is Mistelle
Grape juice fortified before fermentation
What is Ratafia
Vin de Liqueur from Champagne
What is Floc de Gascogne
Mistelle from Armagnac region
What is Pineau de Charantais
Mistelle from Cognac region
What is Macvin du Jura
Mistelle from Jura Region
When was douro first demarcated
1756
What is Lei de Terco
Law of the third
decree restricting sales of port to 1/3rd of the house’s annual inventory
What is Beneficio
Authorisation for maximum amount of wine any house can fortify in a given year
How many total factors are graded in Beneficio
Total 12
7 for soil and climate
5 for the wine
How many total points available for beneficio
2361 points
1200 required for grade A
No port produced below F
What is the max permitted yield for red grapes in douro for port production
55 hl/ha
What is the max permitted yield for white grapes in douro for port production
65hl/ha
Preferred red grapes for Port
Touriga Nacional Touriga Francesa Tinta Roriz Tinta Cao Tinta Barocca Tinta Amarela Tinta Francisa Bastardo Mourisco Tinto
Preferred white grapes for port
Gouveiou Malvasia fina Viosinho Rabigato Esgana Cao Filgacao
What are Vinhos ao Alta
Vertical rows of vine plantings leading directly up the slopes
What are patamares
Wider terraces in port vineyards that can be navigated by tractors
What are Lagares
Open granite troughs used in port production for fermentation and treading of grapes
What are autovinifiers
Algerian vinification technology that works without electricity, where wine will be pumped over automatically by build up of gas during fermentation
When does the beneficio occur
When approx 1/3rd of sugar is fermented to alcohol in the must
What is aguardente, in port
77% abv neutral grape spirit
What is french term for Beneficio
Mutage
Who pioneered Rose port catagory
Croft & Co.
What is the ratio of Aguardante to port addition
1:4
What is the size of a pipe in Douro
550 Ltr
What is the size of a Pipe in Villa nova de Gaia
620 ltr
What is the size of a Pipe used for shipping the port
534.24 Ltr
Ruby port specifications
Aged in bulk for 2-3 yrs
inexpensive
deeply coloured
no vintage
Ruby Reserve Port/Premium Ruby specifications
More complex and characterful than ruby port, higher quality fruit
Vintage character port
Old name for Reserve Ruby port, now not allowed to be written on the lables
Vintage Port
produced in exceptional years only,
aged in cask to be bottles by July 30 of 3rd year after harvest
Single Quinta Vintage port
One estate’s harvest made in same fashion as vintage port.
Usually done in undeclared years
improves with age, like vintage port
Late bottled vintage ports
4 to 6 years in cask before bottling Some tawny notes Single vintage Variable quality Majority filtered Rarely improves with age after bottling
Envelhecido em garrafa
Additional 3 years bottle ageing in LBV ports
Tawny port Specifications
Can be made by ageing in cask extensively
Paler wines due to provenance of grapes
Less extraction
Addition of white ports to pale colour, sometimes
Reserve Tawny ports
7 yrs ageing prior to bottling
Blend of vintages
doesn’t improve with bottle age
Tawny with age indication
10/20/30/40 yrs
Concentrated & developed character, truning more rancio with age
High quality fruit, matured, freshened and blended
Age claim in an approximation based on tasting by the panel
Colheita Tawny
Vintage dated
Minimum 7 years in cask. Usually aged much longer
What is special about Calem Colheita Tawny Ports
Not bottled until order is recieved.
Different bottles of same vintage may taste different due to that reason
Subzones of Douro
Baixo Corgo
Cima Corgo
Douro Superior
Styles allowed in port wines
Tawny
Ruby
Branco
Rosado
Minimum alcohol required for ports
19 to 22% - except Branco Levo Seco at 16.5%
Minimum alcohol required for Porto Branco Levo Seco
16.5%
Minimum RS allowed in any port
17.5 g/l
Principal soils in Douro Valley
Schist
Extra Secco Ports - Min/Max RS
17.5 g/l to 40 g/l
Secco Ports - Min/Max RS
40 g/l to 65 g/l
Meio Seco ports - Min/Max RS
65 g/l to 85 g/l
Doce Ports - Min/Max RS
85 g/l to 130 g/l
Muito Doce Ports - Min/Max RS
130 g/l and above
Generally declared port vintages since 2000
2000 2003 2007 2011 2016 2017
Generally declared port vintages in 1980’s and 1990’s
1980 1983 1985 1988 1991 1992 1994 1997
Generally declared vintage ports in 1970’s and 1960’s
1960 1963 1966 1970 1975 1977
What is Moreira da Fonseca method
The method of awarding points to vineyards for port production licences
