Rheumatology - UWorld Flashcards
On physical exam, what diagnosis does an Inability to Extend the Knee or Maintain Passive ROM mostly likely point to?
A COMPLETE rupture of Patellar Tendon.
What is the Treatment of Choice for a Complete Rupture of Patellar Tendon?
Surgical Repair (as soon as possible following injury)
What are (2) Good Prognoses that Surgically Repairing a Completely Ruptured Patellar Tendon AS SOON AS POSSIBLE provide?
- Optimizes Recovery of Knee Function.
- Decreases the likelihood of Long-term Disability.
What is the Treatment of Choice for Hypertension in a patient with Gout?
Losartan - an Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) with a modest uricosuric effect
What are (3) Common Pathogenic Causes of Septic Arthritis in patients Age < 3 months?
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Group B Streptococcus (GBS)
- Gram-NEGATIVE Bacilli
What are (3) Common Pathogenic Causes of Septic Arthritis in patients Age ≥ 3 months?
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Group A Streptococcus (Strep pyogenes)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
What are (3) Clinical Features associated with Septic Arthritis?
- Acute-Onset of Joint Pain, Swelling, and Limited Motion
- Refusal to Bear Weight
- Fever ≥ 101.3°F (38.5°C)
What are (4) Diagnostic Findings typical in a patient with Septic Arthritis?
- Elevated WBC, ESR, and CRP levels
- +/- Blood Culture
- Synovial WBC count > 50,000/mm3
- Effusion on Ultrasound/MRI
What are the (2) Treatments for Septic Arthritis?
- Joint Drainage & Debridement
- IV Vancomycin (PLUS Cefotaxime IF Age < 3 months)
What are (4) Subtle Findings in an INFANT with Septic Arthritis?
- Irritability
- Poor Feeding
- Aversion to being Held
- Pseudoparalysis (lack of movement)
What is the WHOs Definition of Osteopenia (a.k.a. Low Bone Mass)?
T-Score = -1 to -2.5 (on DEXA scan)
What is the WHOs Definition of Osteoporosis?
T-Score = -2.5 or lower (on DEXA scan)
What is the WHOs Definition of Severe Osteoporosis?
T-Score = -2.5 or lower with ≥ 1 Fragility Fractures (on DEXA scan)
What is the WHOs Definition of Normal Bone Density?
T-Score = -1 & above (on DEXA scan)