7. MTB Step 3 - Cardiomyopathy Flashcards
Cards Complete:
DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
What are the (5) Most Common Causes of Dilated Cardiomyopathy and which one is the Most Common of them all?
- ISCHEMIA (most common)
- Alcohol
- Adriamycin
- Radiation
- Chagas Disease
DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
How does Dilated Cardiomyopathy Present (HINT: same as CHF)?
Shortness of Breath, particularly on exertion, in a person with ANY of the following:
- Edema
- Rales on lung exam
- Ascites
- JVD
- S3 Gallop
- Orthopnea
- Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea
- Fatigue
DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
How is Dilated Cardiomyopathy Managed (HINT: same as CHF)?
- Morphine
- Oxygen
- Nitrates
- Furosemide
DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
- What is the Best INITIAL Test to determine Ejection Fraction (EF) and look for Wall Motion Activity?
- What is the Most ACCURATE Test to determine Ejection Fraction (EF)?
- Echocardiography
- Nuclear Ventriculogram or MUGA
DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
What are the (3) Medical Treatments for ALL forms of Dilated Cardiomyopathy, no matter their cause?
- ACEIs / ARBs
- Beta Blockers
- Spironolactone
HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
What are (2) Presenting Signs/Symptoms of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
- Shortness of Breath on Exertion
-
S4 Gallop on Exam - a sign of LV Hypertrophy and Decreased Compliance (stiffness) of the Ventrical.
- Does not automatically indicate the need for additional therapy.
HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
What is the Best Diagnostic Test for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and what does it show?
Echocardiography showing a Normal EF
HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
What are (2) Medications that are considered the Mainstay of Therapy for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
- Beta Blockers
- Diuretics
RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY
What are (6) Common Disorders found in the History of a patient with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
- Sarcoidosis
- Amyloidosis
- Hemochromatosis
- Myocardial Fibrosis
- Glycogen Storage Diseases
- Cancer
RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY
We know that Shortness of Breath (SOB) is the main Presenting Complaint in ALL forms of Cardiomyopathy.
What is (1) Presenting Symptom associated with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
Kussmaul sign:
- An Increase in Jugular Venous Pressure on INHALATION.
RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY
MANAGEMENT
- What Test is considered the Mainstay of Diagnosis for Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
- What is the single Most ACCURATE Diagnostic Test of the Etiology for Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
- Echocardiography (shows Speckled Pattern due to Amyloid)
- Endomyocardial Biopsy
RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY
MANAGEMENT
- What is a Common Finding on Cardiac Catheterization in a patient with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
- What is a Common Finding on ECG in a patient with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
- Rapid x and y Descent
- Low Voltage (due to Amyloid)
RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY
MANAGEMENT
What are the (2) Best Treatments for a patient with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
- Diuretics
- Correcting Underlying Cause
TOKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY
What is the Description of Tokotsubo Cardiomyopathy?
Rare, sudden Systolic Dysfunction brought on by Extreme Emotions.
TOKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY
What are (2) Common Associations to look for in a patient with Tokotsubo Cardiomyopathy?
- Postmenopausal Woman
- Sudden Psychological Stress