1.03 MTB Step 3 - Animal-Borne Diseases (Part III) Flashcards

Cards Complete:

1
Q

CHAGAS DISEASE

( AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS )

What should you look for in the patient’s history and how is Chagas Disease transmitted?

A
  • Look for Travel to South America.
  • Can also be spread by Blood Transfusion or Organ Transplantation.
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2
Q

CHAGAS DISEASE

( AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS )

  1. What are (4) Early-Stage signs/symptoms of Chagas Disease?
  2. What are (3) Late-Stage signs/symptoms of Chagas Disease?
A

Early Stage presentation:

  1. Fever
  2. Lymphadenopathy
  3. Headache
  4. Local Swelling at Eye (which resolves)

Late Stage presentation (Decades later 30% develop):

  1. Heart dysfunction
  2. Esophagus dysfunction
  3. Colon dysfunction
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3
Q

CHAGAS DISEASE

( AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS )

How is Chagas Disease diagnosed?

A

Blood Smear

Organisms Visible

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4
Q

CHAGAS DISEASE

( AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS )

What is the Treatment for Early-Stage Chagas Disease?

A

Benznidazole

or

Nifurtimox

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5
Q

CHAGAS DISEASE

( AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS )

What are (3) disorders caused by Chagas Disease if left untreated?

A

Untreated disease Dilates Organs. Look for:

  1. Dilated Cardiomyopathy
  2. Esophageal Dysmotility
  3. Colonic Dilation and Dysmotility
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6
Q

ANTHRAX

How is Anthrax transmitted?

A

Exposure to Sheep, Cattle, Horses, and Goats

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7
Q

ANTHRAX

  1. What is the Clinical Presentation for Cutaneous Anthrax?
  2. What is the Clinical Presentation for GI Anthrax?
  3. What is the Clinical Presentation for Inhalational Anthrax?
A
  1. Cutaneous: Painless, Black Eschar at site of contact; often self-limited
  2. GI: Ulcerative Lesion gives Abdominal Pain, Vomiting, and Diarrhea; may perforate
  3. Inhalational: Wide Mediastinum with Hemorrhagic Lymphadenitis and Pleural Effusion; can be rapidly fatal
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8
Q

ANTHRAX

How is Anthrax diagnosed?

A

Culture

showing Gram-positive, Spore-forming, Boxcar-shaped, Encapsulated Rods

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9
Q

ANTHRAX

What is the Treatment for Anthrax?

A

Quinolone

or

Doxycycline

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10
Q

BARTONELLA​

What are (2) Diseases that can be caused by Bartonella?

A
  1. Catscratch Disease (Bartonella henselae)
  2. Endocarditis (Bartonella quintana)
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11
Q

BARTONELLA

  1. What is the Clinical Presentation for the disease caused by Bartonella henselae?
  2. What is common in the patient’s history for the disease caused by Bartonella quintana?
A
  1. Catscratch Disease (Bartonella henselae):
    • Enlarged, Tender regional Lymph Nodes
  2. Endocarditis (Bartonella quintana):
    • Homeless, Flea bites
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12
Q

BARTONELLA

  1. How is Catscratch Disease (B. henselae) diagnosed?
  2. How is Endocarditis caused by B. quintana diagnosed?
A
  1. Clinically, supported by Serology.
  2. Serology/PCR
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13
Q

BARTONELLA

  1. What is the Treatment for Catscratch Disease (B. henselae)?
  2. What is the Treatment for Hepatosplenic Disease or Neuroretinitis, two disorders associated with Catscratch Disease?
A
  1. Usually no treatment needed, but Azithromycin speeds resolution.
  2. Definitely needs treatment with Doxycycline or Azithromycin and Rifampin
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14
Q

BARTONELLA

  1. What is the Empiric Treatment for Suspected Endocarditis caused by B. quintana?
  2. What is the Treatment for Confirmed Endocarditis caused by B. quintana?
A
  1. Ceftriaxone, Doxycycline, and Gentamicin.
  2. Doxycycline and Gentamicin.
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