1.03 MTB Step 3 - Animal-Borne Diseases (Part III) Flashcards
Cards Complete:
CHAGAS DISEASE
( AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS )
What should you look for in the patient’s history and how is Chagas Disease transmitted?
- Look for Travel to South America.
- Can also be spread by Blood Transfusion or Organ Transplantation.
CHAGAS DISEASE
( AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS )
- What are (4) Early-Stage signs/symptoms of Chagas Disease?
- What are (3) Late-Stage signs/symptoms of Chagas Disease?
Early Stage presentation:
- Fever
- Lymphadenopathy
- Headache
- Local Swelling at Eye (which resolves)
Late Stage presentation (Decades later 30% develop):
- Heart dysfunction
- Esophagus dysfunction
- Colon dysfunction
CHAGAS DISEASE
( AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS )
How is Chagas Disease diagnosed?
Blood Smear
Organisms Visible
CHAGAS DISEASE
( AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS )
What is the Treatment for Early-Stage Chagas Disease?
Benznidazole
or
Nifurtimox
CHAGAS DISEASE
( AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS )
What are (3) disorders caused by Chagas Disease if left untreated?
Untreated disease Dilates Organs. Look for:
- Dilated Cardiomyopathy
- Esophageal Dysmotility
- Colonic Dilation and Dysmotility
ANTHRAX
How is Anthrax transmitted?
Exposure to Sheep, Cattle, Horses, and Goats
ANTHRAX
- What is the Clinical Presentation for Cutaneous Anthrax?
- What is the Clinical Presentation for GI Anthrax?
- What is the Clinical Presentation for Inhalational Anthrax?
- Cutaneous: Painless, Black Eschar at site of contact; often self-limited
- GI: Ulcerative Lesion gives Abdominal Pain, Vomiting, and Diarrhea; may perforate
- Inhalational: Wide Mediastinum with Hemorrhagic Lymphadenitis and Pleural Effusion; can be rapidly fatal
ANTHRAX
How is Anthrax diagnosed?
Culture
showing Gram-positive, Spore-forming, Boxcar-shaped, Encapsulated Rods
ANTHRAX
What is the Treatment for Anthrax?
Quinolone
or
Doxycycline
BARTONELLA
What are (2) Diseases that can be caused by Bartonella?
- Catscratch Disease (Bartonella henselae)
- Endocarditis (Bartonella quintana)
BARTONELLA
- What is the Clinical Presentation for the disease caused by Bartonella henselae?
- What is common in the patient’s history for the disease caused by Bartonella quintana?
-
Catscratch Disease (Bartonella henselae):
- Enlarged, Tender regional Lymph Nodes
-
Endocarditis (Bartonella quintana):
- Homeless, Flea bites
BARTONELLA
- How is Catscratch Disease (B. henselae) diagnosed?
- How is Endocarditis caused by B. quintana diagnosed?
- Clinically, supported by Serology.
- Serology/PCR
BARTONELLA
- What is the Treatment for Catscratch Disease (B. henselae)?
- What is the Treatment for Hepatosplenic Disease or Neuroretinitis, two disorders associated with Catscratch Disease?
- Usually no treatment needed, but Azithromycin speeds resolution.
- Definitely needs treatment with Doxycycline or Azithromycin and Rifampin
BARTONELLA
- What is the Empiric Treatment for Suspected Endocarditis caused by B. quintana?
- What is the Treatment for Confirmed Endocarditis caused by B. quintana?
- Ceftriaxone, Doxycycline, and Gentamicin.
- Doxycycline and Gentamicin.