4. MTB Step 3 - Bronchiectasis

Question 1

ETIOLOGY

What is the Cause of Bronchiectasis?

Answer 1

Anatomic Defect of the Lungs (usually from an infection in childhood) resulting in profound Dilation of Bronchi.

Question 2

PRESENTATION

What are (4) Common Presenting Signs/Symptoms in a patient with Bronchiectasis?

Answer 2

1. Recurrent Lung Infections that give
2. Very High Volume of Sputum (cupfuls)
3. Hemoptysis
4. Fever

Question 3

MANAGEMENT

1. What is the Best INITIAL Test for Bronchiectasis AND what is the finding?
2. What is the Most ACCURATE Test for Bronchiectasis?

Answer 3

1. Chest X-Ray (CXR) - shows Dilated Bronchi with “Tram Tracking” (parallel lines consistent with dilated bronchi)
2. High-Resolution CT Scan of the Chest

Question 4

TREATMENT

What is the overall Treatment for Bronchiectasis?

Answer 4

There is NO Curative Therapy.

Treat the infectious episodes as they occur with the following:

• Chest Physiotherapy with “Cupping and Clapping” will help dislodge secretions.
• Rotating Antibiotics are tried to avoid the development of resistance.