Obstetrics - UWorld

Question 1

What is the Definition of Oligohydramnios?

Answer 1

Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) < 5 cm

Question 2

What is the Definition of Polyhydramnios?

Answer 2

Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) ≥​ 24 cm

Question 3

What are (5) Causes of Oligohydramnios?

Answer 3

1. Preeclampsia
2. Abruptio Placentae
3. Uteroplacental Insufficiency
4. Renal Anomalies
5. NSAIDs

Question 4

What are (5) Causes of Polyhydramnios?

Answer 4

1. Esophageal Atresia / Duodenal Atresia
2. Anencephaly
3. Multiple Gestation
4. Congenital Infection
5. Diabetes Mellitus

Question 5

What are (3) Complications associated with Oligohydramnios?

Answer 5

1. Meconium Aspiration
2. Preterm Delivery
3. Umbilical Cord Compression

Question 6

What are (4) Complications associated with Polyhydramnios?

Answer 6

1. Fetal Malposition
2. Umbilical Cord Collapse
3. Preterm Labor
4. Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes ( PPROM )

Question 7

How is Polyhydramnios Diagnosed?

Answer 7

Ultrasound to evaluate a Fundal Height that is LARGER than expected for Gestational Age.

Question 8

What is (1) Maternal Complication associated with Polyhydramnios?

Answer 8

Respiratory Distress Syndrome from impaired Diaphragm movement.

Question 9

What are (3) Adverse Fetal Outcomes associated with Polyhydramnios?

Answer 9

1. Preterm Delivery
2. Macrosomia
3. Neonatal Mortality

Question 10

What is the Clinical Presentation for Pregnancy-induced Skin Changes?

Answer 10

Focal Pruritus (NO rash)

Question 11

What is the Clinical Presentation for Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy?

Answer 11

Generalized Pruritis with Hand & Foot involvement (NO rash)

Question 12

What is the Etiology of Pregnancy-induced Skin Changes?

Answer 12

Pregnancy Hormone Changes

Question 13

What is the Etiology of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy?

Answer 13

Intrahepatic Cholestasis

Question 14

What are (2) potential Lab Findings in a patient with Pregnancy-induced Skin Changes?

Answer 14

1. None
2. +/- Mild Transaminitis

Question 15

What are (2) potential Lab Findings in a patient with Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy?

Answer 15

1. Increased Bile Acids
2. Transaminitis

Question 16

Are there Obstetric Risks associated with Pregnancy-induced Skin Changes? If so, what are they?

Answer 16

None (no obstetric risks)

Question 17

Are there Obstetric Risks associated with Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy? If so, what are they?

Answer 17

Intrauterine Fetal Demise

Question 18

What is the Obstetrical Management for Pregnancy-induced Skin Changes?

Answer 18

Expectancy

Question 19

What is the Obstetrical Management for Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy?

Answer 19

Delivery at 37 weeks

Question 20

What are (3) Treatments for Pregnancy-induced Skin Changes?

Answer 20

1. Oatmeal Baths
2. Ultraviolet (UV) Light
3. Antihistamines

Question 21

What are (2) Medicinal Treatments for Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy?

Answer 21

1. Ursodeoxycholic Acid
2. Antihistamines

Question 22

What are (3) Types of Anomalies associated with a Persistent Breech Presentation?

Answer 22

1. Uterine anomalies (eg, Leiomyoma, Bicornuate Uterus)
2. Placental anomalies (eg, Placenta Previa)
3. Fetal anomalies

Question 23

Many Preterm Fetuses are in Breech Presentation; however, most Spontaneously Convert to Cephalic Presentation when?

Answer 23

At Term (37+ weeks)

Question 24

If a Preterm Fetus in Breech Presentation does NOT Spontaneously Convert to Cephalic Presentation by Term, what Maneuver should be attempted?

Answer 24

External Cephalic Version (ECV)

Question 25

What are (2) Complications associated with Vaginal Breech Delivery that can lead to Asphyxia and Neurologic Injury?

Answer 25

1. Umbilical Cord Compression
2. Fetal Head Entrapment

Question 26

What is (1) potential Complication of External Cephalic Version (ECV) that would Necessitate an Emergent Cesarean Section (C-Section)?

Answer 26

Nonreassuring Fetal Heat Rate Abnormalities (due to Abruptio Placentae)