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General Microbiology > Review of Microscopy > Flashcards

Review of Microscopy Flashcards

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1
Q

functions to magnify the image of the objects that cannot be seen by the naked eye

A

microscope

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2
Q

parts of the microscope based on function (4)

A

mechanical part
adjustable part
illuminating part
magnifying part

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3
Q

illuminating parts include (3)

A

mirror/light source
condenser
iris diaphragm

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4
Q

identify parts of microscope

A

+1

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5
Q

magnifying parts (5)

A

ocular/eye piece
scanner
LPO
HPO
OIO

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6
Q

magnification of eye piece

A

10x

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7
Q

magnification of scanner

A

4x

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8
Q

magnification of LPO

A

10x

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9
Q

magnification of HPO

A

40x

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10
Q

magnification of OIO

A

100x

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11
Q

an optical microscope that uses light rays to produce a dark image against a bright background

A

bright field microscope/
compound light microscope

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12
Q

Ability of the microscope to enlarge an image

A

magnification

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13
Q

It depends on the degree of curvature of the glass lens

A

magnification

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14
Q

Highly/lowly curved lens will increase the magnification

A

highly

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15
Q

Magnification depends on the degree of ____of the glass lens.

A

curvature

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16
Q

relationship of glass lens curvature and magnification

A

directly proportional

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17
Q

Ability of the lens to distinguish two points as clear and as distinct.

A

resolution

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18
Q

resolution depends on what (2)

A

wavelength of light (λ)
numerical aperture (NA)

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19
Q

wavelength symbol

A

λ

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20
Q

relationship of wavelength of light (λ) to Resolution

A

inversely proportional

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21
Q

refers to the light-gathering ability of the lens

A

numerical aperture

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22
Q

expressing mathematically the solid cone of light delivered to the specimen.

A

numerical aperture

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23
Q

relationship of resolution with NA

A

directly proportional

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24
Q

numerical aperture and resolution for LPO

A

NA = 0.25
Resolution = 0.9µm

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25
Q

numerical aperture and resolution for HPO

A

NA = 0.65
Resolution = 0.35 µm

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26
Q

numerical aperture and resolution for OIO

A

NA = 1.25
Resolution= 0.18µm

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27
Q

the amount light bends

A

refractive index

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28
Q

if the RI of two materials are the same, would there be bending of light?

A

no

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29
Q

the amount of distance required between the objective lens and the top of your object.

A

focal length

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30
Q

the higher the objective magnification, the shorter/longer the focal length generally is.

A

shorter

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31
Q

A technique used to measure the dimensions of the microorganisms.

A

micrometry

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32
Q

two kinds of micrometer

A

ocular
stage

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33
Q

measures the dimensions of the microorganisms

A

ocular micrometer

34
Q

calibrates the ocular micrometer

A

stage micrometer

35
Q

conversion factor of mm = um

A

1 mm = 1,000 µm

36
Q

a stage micrometer has the measure of

A

1mm

37
Q

how many stage unit are in a stage micrometer

A

100

38
Q

measurement of 1 stage unit

A

0.01mm or 10um

39
Q

formula used to compute the calibration factor for 1 ocular unit

A

(X) (OU) = (Y) (SU)

40
Q

X in (X) (OU) = (Y) (SU)

A

divisions of ocular micrometer (OM) subtended by divisions of stage micrometer

41
Q

OU in (X) (OU) = (Y) (SU)

A

ocular unit

42
Q

Y in (X) (OU) = (Y) (SU)

A

divisions of stage micrometer (SM) subtended by divisions of ocular micrometer

43
Q

SU in (X) (OU) = (Y) (SU)

A

stage unit

44
Q

stage unit value

A

0.01mm or 10um

45
Q

thus 1 OU =

A

(Y)(SU)/(X) or (SM div.)(10um)/(OM div)

46
Q

Value of 1 OU in microns for scanner

A

62.5um

47
Q

Value of 1 OU in microns for LPO

A

50.0

48
Q

Value of 1 OU in microns for HPO

A

12.5

49
Q

Value of 1 OU in microns for OIO

A

5 um

50
Q

s an optical microscopy technique that converts phase shifts in light passing through a transparent specimen to brightness changes in the image

A

phase contrast microscope

51
Q

main foundation of the microscope

A

base

52
Q

connects the arm with the base (some do not have the pillar)

A

pillar

53
Q

part of the microscope where we usually carry the microscope

A

arm

54
Q

structure that would connect the draw tube, and revolving nosepiece

A

body tube

55
Q

structure where eyepiece/ocular are placed

A

draw tube

56
Q

square platform where you place the specimen

A

stage

57
Q

initial focusing knob, manipulated to adjust the actual gap between the specimen and objective (scanner and LPO)

A

coarse adjustment knob

58
Q

initial focusing knob, manipulated to adjust the actual gap between the specimen and objective (scanner and LPO)

A

coarse adjustment knob

59
Q

also known as final focusing, manipulated when the specimen is already visible (HPO and OIO)

A

fine adjustment knob

60
Q

holds the specimen in place

A

stage clip

61
Q

adjusted for you to move the stage clip

A

stage clip knob

62
Q

hold the objective so you can shift from one objective to another

A

revolving nose piece

63
Q

part of microscope that is usually the one that provides the light

A

illuminating part

64
Q

reflects light from the environment

A

mirror/light source

65
Q

structure above the light source, gather the light from the light source

A

condenser

66
Q

control the light coming to the specimen

A

iris diaphragm

67
Q

part of the microscope that is utilized to magnify the specimen

A

magnifying parts

68
Q

– 10x, where we look at the specimen being observed

A

ocular/eye piece

69
Q

what oil is used in oil immersion

A

cedar oil

70
Q

why is oil used in OIO

A

minimize refractive index

71
Q

– utilize light to observe specimen

A

bright field microscopy

72
Q

entire circle seen when you look in the microscope

A

field of view

73
Q

what kind of image is created when looking at a microscope

A

enlarged
virtual
inverted

74
Q

color of scanner

A

red

75
Q

color of lpo

A

yellow

76
Q

color of hpo

A

blue

77
Q

color of oio

A

white

78
Q

100 SU is equal to what mm

A

1mm

79
Q

1mm is equal to what microns

A

1000 microns

80
Q

thus, 1 SU is equal to what microns

A

10 microns

81
Q

memorize table for 10x10 and 20x20

A

+1

General Microbiology (15 decks)

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