Microbiology SA Flashcards
Conversion of Pyruvic acid to alcohol follows after glycolysis in “Fermentation” pathway
True or False
True
In anabolism, the same pathways in respiration are utilized by the microorganisms to synthesize biomolecules
True or False
True
Less electrons removed by the carriers from the substrates result in less protons translocated across the membraneETC
True or False
True
Another importance of cell membrane in prokaryotes is its function in energy production.
True or False
True
Among CO2, O2, 1 ATP, 1 molecule of glucose and 1 molecule of lactic acid, which contains thegreatest amount of energy for a cell? =>
glucose
A carbon compound that is used six times to synthesize sugars in Calvin-Benson cycle.
Carbon dioxide
: In the reaction: Acetaldehyde + NADH + H+ → Ethanol + NAD+ , which is reduced?
Acetaldehyde
In the reaction: Acetaldehyde + NADH + H+ → Ethanol + NAD+ , which is oxidized? =
NADH
A group of enzymes that function as electron carriers in respiration and photosynthesis. =>
NAD
The type of phosphorylation where cytochrome c passes two electrons to cytochrome a. =>
Electron transport phosphorylation
Type of phosphorylation where an electron is liberated from chlorophyll and passes down the ETC
photophosphorylation
n Chemiosmosis, protons can only diffuse across a membrane through special channels that containsthis enzyme. =>
ATP Synthase
: A dehydrogenase coenzyme derived from riboflavin. =>
Flavin mononucleotide
Phosphorylation when phosphoenolpyruvic acid transfers its phosphate to ADP and become pyruvicacid.
substrate level phosphorylation
One of the common pathways between aerobic and anaerobic respiration is Krebs Cycle
True or False
True
Intermediates in Krebs cycle are consumed and thus not recycled back to the pathway for another round ofpathway.
True or False
False
It is the movement of the H+ ions by concentration gradient that results in ATP generation in Electron transportlevel phosphorylation and photophosphorylation.
True or False
True
About of 48 ATPs can be produce from one glucose molecule.
True or False
False
Adenosine triphosphate is phosphorylated Adenosine diphosphate
T/F
True
When a carrier such as NAD+ receives an electron, it is oxidized.
T/F
False
Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is used as a medium for the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus fromclinical and non-clinical specimens. It is recommended for the detection and enumeration of coagulase-positiveStaphylococci in milk, food and other specimens and encourages the growth of a group of certain bacteria whileinhibiting the growth of others. Mannitol Salt Agar contains beef extract and proteose peptone, which makes it verynutritious as they provide essential growth factors and trace nutrients such as nitrogen, vitamins, minerals andamino acids essential for growth. The medium contains 7.5% concentration of sodium chloride which results in thepartial or complete inhibition of bacterial organisms other than staphylococci and 15% of agar. Whatcharacteristic/s apply to MSA medium? Check all below that applies
Selective
Differential
Complex
Solid
a population of cells arising from a single cell or cfu.
axenic culture
growing a population of microbes
cultivation
substances provided to the population for growth
nutrients
a material or nutrient supply used for growing microbes in the lab.
culture medium
These are organization maintaining axenic cultures of microorganisms
culture collection
While glucose is always featured in catabolic pathway illustrations, proteins and lipids can also be sources ofelectrons and protons
T/F
True
addition of sterile oil to agar culture to limit oxygen
what preservation method
overlaying with mineral oil
rapid drying in frozen state
what preservation method
lyophilization
employs -196 C on culture added with glycerol
what preservation method
freezing with liquid nitrogen
Employs 45C to remove moisture; for spore- and cyst-formers only
what preservation method
drying
Used set of culture media for interval transfers
what preservation method
periodic transfer to fresh media
In fermentation, the products, alcohol and lactic acid are fully oxidized materials
T/F
False
One major difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration is the final electron acceptor
T/F
True
A phosphate from an intermediate metabolite can be directly transferred to another organic molecule.
T/F
True
Water is among the reactants during catabolism
T/F
True
The main source of energy on earth.
sun
Enzymes belong to this class of biomolecules.
proteins
These include groups of metabolic processes that release energy.
catabolic
Another term for glycolysis.
Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas Pathway
Metabolic term for gain of electrons coupled to release of hydrogen ions from the substrate.
reduction
Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP than aerobic respiration.
T/F
False
Bacteria use alternative pathways to glycolysis to produce other intermediates not produced in glycolysis
T/F
True
In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm
T/F
True
Explain why there is a difference of 2 ATPs in the available ATPs produced from one glucose in eukaryotes andprokaryotes.
In eukaryotic cells, unlike in prokaryotes, NADH produced in the cytoplasm during glycolysis must betransferred across the mitochondrial membrane before it can provide electrons to the electron transport chain,which needs energy. As a result, 1 to 2 ATP are produced from this NADH
Only alcohol and lactic acid can be produced from fermentation pathway.
T/F
False
In catabolism, energy is released from organic molecules while they are broken down into simpler forms.
T/F
True
