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General Microbiology > Microbiology SA > Flashcards

Microbiology SA Flashcards

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1
Q

Conversion of Pyruvic acid to alcohol follows after glycolysis in “Fermentation” pathway

True or False

A

True

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2
Q

In anabolism, the same pathways in respiration are utilized by the microorganisms to synthesize biomolecules

True or False

A

True

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3
Q

Less electrons removed by the carriers from the substrates result in less protons translocated across the membraneETC

True or False

A

True

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4
Q

Another importance of cell membrane in prokaryotes is its function in energy production.

True or False

A

True

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5
Q

Among CO2, O2, 1 ATP, 1 molecule of glucose and 1 molecule of lactic acid, which contains thegreatest amount of energy for a cell? =>

A

glucose

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6
Q

A carbon compound that is used six times to synthesize sugars in Calvin-Benson cycle.

A

Carbon dioxide

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7
Q

: In the reaction: Acetaldehyde + NADH + H+ → Ethanol + NAD+ , which is reduced?

A

Acetaldehyde

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8
Q

In the reaction: Acetaldehyde + NADH + H+ → Ethanol + NAD+ , which is oxidized? =

A

NADH

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9
Q

A group of enzymes that function as electron carriers in respiration and photosynthesis. =>

A

NAD

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10
Q

The type of phosphorylation where cytochrome c passes two electrons to cytochrome a. =>

A

Electron transport phosphorylation

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11
Q

Type of phosphorylation where an electron is liberated from chlorophyll and passes down the ETC

A

photophosphorylation

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12
Q

n Chemiosmosis, protons can only diffuse across a membrane through special channels that containsthis enzyme. =>

A

ATP Synthase

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13
Q

: A dehydrogenase coenzyme derived from riboflavin. =>

A

Flavin mononucleotide

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14
Q

Phosphorylation when phosphoenolpyruvic acid transfers its phosphate to ADP and become pyruvicacid.

A

substrate level phosphorylation

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15
Q

One of the common pathways between aerobic and anaerobic respiration is Krebs Cycle

True or False

A

True

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16
Q

Intermediates in Krebs cycle are consumed and thus not recycled back to the pathway for another round ofpathway.

True or False

A

False

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17
Q

It is the movement of the H+ ions by concentration gradient that results in ATP generation in Electron transportlevel phosphorylation and photophosphorylation.

True or False

A

True

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18
Q

About of 48 ATPs can be produce from one glucose molecule.

True or False

A

False

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19
Q

Adenosine triphosphate is phosphorylated Adenosine diphosphate

T/F

A

True

20
Q

When a carrier such as NAD+ receives an electron, it is oxidized.

T/F

A

False

21
Q

Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is used as a medium for the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus fromclinical and non-clinical specimens. It is recommended for the detection and enumeration of coagulase-positiveStaphylococci in milk, food and other specimens and encourages the growth of a group of certain bacteria whileinhibiting the growth of others. Mannitol Salt Agar contains beef extract and proteose peptone, which makes it verynutritious as they provide essential growth factors and trace nutrients such as nitrogen, vitamins, minerals andamino acids essential for growth. The medium contains 7.5% concentration of sodium chloride which results in thepartial or complete inhibition of bacterial organisms other than staphylococci and 15% of agar.  Whatcharacteristic/s apply to MSA medium? Check all below that applies

A

Selective
Differential
Complex
Solid

22
Q

a population of cells arising from a single cell or cfu.

A

axenic culture

23
Q

growing a population of microbes

A

cultivation

24
Q

substances provided to the population for growth

A

nutrients

25
Q

a material or nutrient supply used for growing microbes in the lab.

A

culture medium

26
Q

These are organization maintaining axenic cultures of microorganisms

A

culture collection

27
Q

While glucose is always featured in catabolic pathway illustrations, proteins and lipids can also be sources ofelectrons and protons

T/F

A

True

28
Q

addition of sterile oil to agar culture to limit oxygen

what preservation method

A

overlaying with mineral oil

29
Q

rapid drying in frozen state

what preservation method

A

lyophilization

30
Q

employs -196 C on culture added with glycerol

what preservation method

A

freezing with liquid nitrogen

31
Q

Employs 45C to remove moisture; for spore- and cyst-formers only

what preservation method

A

drying

32
Q

Used set of culture media for interval transfers

what preservation method

A

periodic transfer to fresh media

33
Q

In fermentation, the products, alcohol and lactic acid are fully oxidized materials

T/F

A

False

34
Q

One major difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration is the final electron acceptor

T/F

A

True

35
Q

A phosphate from an intermediate metabolite can be directly transferred to another organic molecule.

T/F

A

True

36
Q

Water is among the reactants during catabolism

T/F

A

True

37
Q

The main source of energy on earth.

A

sun

38
Q

Enzymes belong to this class of biomolecules.

A

proteins

39
Q

These include groups of metabolic processes that release energy.

A

catabolic

40
Q

Another term for glycolysis.

A

Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas Pathway

41
Q

Metabolic term for gain of electrons coupled to release of hydrogen ions from the substrate.

A

reduction

42
Q

Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP than aerobic respiration.

T/F

A

False

43
Q

Bacteria use alternative pathways to glycolysis to produce other intermediates not produced in glycolysis

T/F

A

True

44
Q

In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm

T/F

A

True

45
Q

Explain why there is a difference of 2 ATPs in the available ATPs produced from one glucose in eukaryotes andprokaryotes.

A

In eukaryotic cells, unlike in prokaryotes, NADH produced in the cytoplasm during glycolysis must betransferred across the mitochondrial membrane before it can provide electrons to the electron transport chain,which needs energy. As a result, 1 to 2 ATP are produced from this NADH

46
Q

Only alcohol and lactic acid can be produced from fermentation pathway.

T/F

A

False

47
Q

In catabolism, energy is released from organic molecules while they are broken down into simpler forms.

T/F

A

True

General Microbiology (25 decks)

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