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General Microbiology > Anaerobic Respiration > Flashcards

Anaerobic Respiration Flashcards

1
Q
  • Oxygen is not the final electron acceptor
A

anaerobic respiration

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2
Q

The final electron acceptor is an inorganic substance other than oxygen i.e.

A

anaerobic respiration

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3
Q

final electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration

A

inorganic molecule

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4
Q

final electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration

A

nitrate ion
sulfate
carbonates

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5
Q

p. aeruginosa final electron acceptor

A

nitrate ion

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6
Q

Amount of ___ produced varies with type organisms.

A

ATP

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7
Q

Only part of ___ cycle operate.

A

krebs

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8
Q

Not all ____ carriers participate.

A

electron

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9
Q

If O2 is present, the bacteria respire aerobically, and genes encoding proteins necessary for anaerobic respiration are ___

A

repressed

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10
Q

Many other organisms that carry out anaerobic respiration are obligate ____and are unable to use O2

A

anaerobes

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11
Q

aerobic terminal oxidase

A

cyt o

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12
Q

pumps two protons- resulting in more ATP

A

aerobic terminal oxidase

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13
Q

) as a final electron accepto

A

nitrate ion

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14
Q

nitrate ion is reduced to ___

A

nitrite ion, nitrous oxide, or nitrogen gas

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15
Q

if sulfate is the final electron acceptor, it turns into

A

hydrogen sulfide

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16
Q

if carbonate is the final electron acceptor, it turns into

A

methane

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17
Q

This also explains why when soil is flooded (and hence, unoxygenated), the ___ added as plant fertilizer replaces oxygen

A

nitrate

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18
Q

This also explains why when soil is flooded (and hence, unoxygenated), the nitrate added as plant fertilizer replaces oxygen, thus reducing it to ___

A

nitrite ion, nitrous oxide, nitrogen gas

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19
Q

product of usage of nitrate of plants that they cannot use

A

nitrite ion
nitrous oxide
nitrogen gas

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20
Q

___of soil then, oxygenates the soil and prevent anaerobic respiration.

A

tilling

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21
Q

with regards to microorganism, other alternative pathways include:

A

Pentose Phosphate Pathway (hexose monophosphate shunt)

entner-doudoroff pathway

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22
Q

Breaks down glucose and pentoses

A

pentose phosphate pathway

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23
Q

Provides intermediate for nucleic acid synthesis (ribulose 5-phosphate), glucose and amino acids (erythrose 4-phosphate)

A

pentose phosphate pathwawy

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24
Q

pentose phosphate pathway Provides intermediate for ___ ____synthesis (ribulose 5-phosphate), ___ and ___acids (erythrose 4-phosphate)

A

nucleic acid
glucose
amino acids

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25
Q

Net of 1 ATP for each glucose

A

pentose phosphate pathway

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26
Q

what bacteria undergo pentose phosphate pathway

A

Bacillus subtilis
Escherichia coli
Leuconostoc mesenteroides
Enterococcus faecalis

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27
Q

for pentose phosphate pathway, the first intermediate is the

A

glucose 6-phosphate

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28
Q

for pentose phosphate pathway

what are intermediates not produced in glycolysis

A

ribulose-5-phoshate
xylulose-5-phosphate

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29
Q

Metabolize glucose without glycolysis or pentose-phosphate

A

entner doudoroff pathway

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30
Q

Differ in some steps in glycolysis

A

entner doudoroff pathway

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31
Q

what microorganisms undergo Entner doudoroff pathway

A

Rhizobium, pseudomonas, Agrobacterium

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32
Q

instead of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate, it turns into 6-phosphogluconate

A

Entner-Doudoroff pathway

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33
Q

can all be sources of electrons and protons for respiration.

A

proteins
carbs
lipids

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34
Q

Plants, algae, and cyanobacteria use ____ as a hydrogen donor, releasing O2 .

35
Q

use water as a hydrogen donor, releasing O2

A

plants
algae
cyanobacteria

36
Q

use H2S as a hydrogen donor, producing sulfur granules.

A

purple sulfur
green sulfur

37
Q

Purple sulfur and green sulfur bacteria use ___ as a hydrogen donor, producing sulfur granules.

A

hydrogen sulfide

38
Q

equation for photosynthesis using water as hydrogen donor

A

light energy+ 6CO2+12H2O -> C6H12O6+ 6O2 + 6H2O

39
Q

equation for photosynthesis using hydrogen sulfide as hydrogen donor

A

light energy + 6CO2 +12H2S -> C6H12O6+ 12S + 6H2O

40
Q

Purple sulfur and green sulfur bacteria use hydrogen sulfide as a hydrogen donor, producing ___ granules.

41
Q

which is oxygenic

light energy+ 6CO2+12H2O -> C6H12O6+ 6O2 + 6H2O

or

light energy+ 6CO2+12H2O -> C6H12O6+ 6O2 + 6H2O

42
Q

which is anoxygenic

light energy+ 6CO2+12H2O -> C6H12O6+ 6O2 + 6H2O

or

light energy+ 6CO2+12H2O -> C6H12O6+ 6O2 + 6H2O

A

second one

43
Q

photosynthesis producing oxygen as byproduct

A

oxygenic photosynthesis

44
Q

photosynthesis not producing oxygen

A

anoxygenic photosynthesis

45
Q

two steps in photosynthesis

46
Q

first step in photosynthesisl

A

light dependent reactions

47
Q

step in photosynthesis with photophosphorylation

A

light dependent reactions

48
Q

steps in photosynthesis with Calvin-Benson Cycle

A

light-independent reaections

49
Q

calvin benson cycle incorporates __ to produce sugar

50
Q

calvin benson cycle final product

51
Q

Light strikes ____in Photosystem to excite electrons

A

chlorophyll

52
Q

Light strikes chlorophyll in ___ to excite electrons

A

photosystem

53
Q

what organelle does light strike in photosystem to excite electrons

A

Bacteriochlorophylls in some bacteria.

54
Q

are grouped into photosystems.

A

chlorophylls

55
Q

can be cyclic or non-cyclic (for oxygenic)

A

phosphorylation

56
Q

is phosphorylation cyclic/non-cycli for oxygenic

A

non-cylclic

57
Q

first photosystem

A

photosystem II

58
Q

second photosystem

A

photosystem I

59
Q

which molecule donate electron in photosystem

60
Q

cyclic photophosphorylation happens in ____

A

cyanobacteria
bacteria
plants

61
Q

cyclic photophosphorylation what photosystem is present

A

photosystem I

62
Q

Also known as Calvin-Benson cycle

A

dark reactions

63
Q

what is the acceptor molecules for CO2 in dark reactions

A

ribulose 1,5-disphosphate

64
Q

2 molecules of ________ is needed to make 1 molecule of glucose.

A

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

65
Q

metabolic pathways of energy use (4)

A

Biosynthesis of polysaccharides
Biosynthesis of simple lipids.
Biosynthesis of amino acids.
Biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides.

66
Q

for this metabolic pathway,

glycolysis intermediates are reprocessed to create ADPG to UDPG and UDPNAc

A

biosynthesis of polysaccharides

67
Q

for this metabolic pathway,

glycolysis intermediates are reprocessed to create what intermediates

A

ADPG
UDPG
UDPNAc

68
Q

ADPG

A

Adenosine disphosphoglucose

69
Q

ADGP is used in what storage of polysaccharides

A

glycogen in bacteria

70
Q

UDPG

A

Uridine disphosphoglucose

71
Q

UDPG is present in what polysaccharide

A

glycogen in animals

72
Q

UDPNAc

A

UDP-N-acetylglucosamine

73
Q

UDPNAc is present in what polysaccharide

A

peptidoglycan in bacteria

74
Q

intermediate produced in glycolysis for anabolism

75
Q

DHAP is used in what pathway

A

biosynthesis of simple lipids

76
Q

DHAP is converted to ___ in biosynthesis of simple lipids

77
Q

acetyl coA is converted to ___ in biosynthesis of simple lipids

A

fatty acids

78
Q

pathway where the pentose phosphate pathway, krebs cycle, or entner doudoroff pathway undergo amination to become amino acids

A

biosynthesis of amino acids

79
Q

which pathways undergo amination to become amino acids

A

pentose phosphate
krebs
entner doudoroff

80
Q

what pathway uses glucose-6-phosphate to enter Pentose phosphate pathway or EDP to convert it to pentose

A

biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides

81
Q

phosphoglycerate in biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine is converted to ___ for purine nucleotides

82
Q

what intermediate in krebs cycle is used for purine nucleotide

83
Q

which intermediate in krebs cycle is used for purine and pyrimidine nucleotides

A

aspartic acid

General Microbiology (25 decks)

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