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General Microbiology > Antimicrobial Sensitivity Testing > Flashcards

Antimicrobial Sensitivity Testing Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Substances produced by microorganisms that kill or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms

A

antibiotics

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2
Q

Should have high selective toxicity

A

antibiotics

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3
Q

Must undergo sensitivity testing

A

antibiotics

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4
Q

Must kill or inhibit the microbial pathogen without damaging the host cell.

A

selective toxicity

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5
Q
A
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6
Q

is the regulation of gene expression in response to fluctuations in cell-population density

A

quorum sensing

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7
Q

this kind of bacteria produce and release chemical signal molecules called autoinducers that increase in concentration as a function of cell density.

A

quorum sensing bacteria

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8
Q

MRSA meaning

A

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

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9
Q

antibiotic attacking cell wall synthesis (6 - CVBPCMC)

A

Cycloserine
Vancomycin
Bacitracin
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Monobactams
Carbapenems

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10
Q

antibiotic targeting DNA gyrase (3)

A

Nalidixic acid
Ciprofloxacin
Novobiocin

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11
Q

group of antibiotic targeting DNA gyrase

A

Quinolones

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12
Q

targets transcription (RNA elongation)

A

Actinomycin

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13
Q

targets DNA-directed RNA polymerase (2)

A

Rifampin
Streptovaricins

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14
Q

targets protein synthesis (50S inhibitors) (4)

A

Erythromycin
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin
Lincomycin

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15
Q

targets protein synthesis (30S Inhibitors) (6)

A

Tetracyclines
Spectinomyces
Streptomycin
Gentamicin
Kanamycin
Amikacin
Nitrofurans

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16
Q

targets protein synthesis (tRNA) (2)

A

Mupirocin
Puromycin

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17
Q

targets folic acid metabolism (2)

A

Trimethoprim
Sulfonamides

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18
Q

targets cytoplasmic membrane structure (2)

A

Polymyxin
Daptomycin

19
Q

Used to determine the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MLC (minimum lethal concentration)

A

dilution susceptibility test

20
Q

tests to determine the level of antimicrobial activity

A

Dilution Suceptibility Test
Kirby-Bauer Method (Disk Diffusion Test)

21
Q

other name for Disk Diffusion Test

A

Kirby-Bauer Method

22
Q

Can test the resistance or sensitivity of an organism to an array of antimicrobial agents.

A

Kirby-Bauer Method

23
Q

is the lowest concentration of a chemical, usually a drug, which prevents visible in vitro growth of bacteria or fungi.

A

minimum inhibitory concentration

24
Q

When Barium is completely suspended, the optical density of the suspension is 0.5

A

McFarlan 0.5 turbidity standard

25
Q

approximate number of Mcfarland units in the inoculum with 0.5 MFU

A

1.5x10^8 cfu/ml

26
Q

MFU means

A

McFarland Standard

27
Q

Medium used for standardized antimicrobial disk diffusion susceptibility testing.

A

Mueller-Hinton Agar

28
Q

MHA is the best medium for routine susceptibility tests because (3)

A

good reproducibility
low in sulfonamide, trimethoprim, tetracyline inhibitors
gives satisfactory growth of most bacterial pathogens

29
Q

area where mcirobes cannot grow

A

zone of inhibition

30
Q

MHA is low in (3) what inhibitors

A

sulfonamide
trimethoprim
tetracycline

31
Q

draw the streaking pattern for the inoculum

A

+1

32
Q

isa circular area around the spot of the antibiotic in which the bacteria colonies do not grow

A

zone of inhibition

33
Q

can be used to measure the susceptibility of the bacteria to wards the antibiotic.

A

zone of inhibition

34
Q

see the zone size interpretive chart for Kirby-Bauer Test

A

+1

35
Q

Cycloserine
Vancomycin
Bacitracin
Penicillin
Cephalosporin
Monobactams
Carbapenems

targets what

A

Cell wall synthesis

36
Q

Nalidixic acid
Ciproflaxin
Novobiocin

targets what

A

DNA gyrase

37
Q

Actinomycin targets what

A

RNA elongation

38
Q

Rifampin
Streptovaricin

targets what

A

DNA-directed RNA polymerase

39
Q

Erythromycin is also known as

A

macrolides

40
Q

Erythromycin
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin
Lincomycin

targets what

A

protein synthesis (50s inhibitors)

41
Q

Tetracycline
Spectinomyces
Streptomyces
Gentamicin
Kanamycin
Amikacin
Nitrofurans

targets what

A

protein synthesis (30s inhibitors)

42
Q

Mupirocin
Puromycin

targets what

A

Protein synthesi (tRNA)

43
Q

Trimethrophin
Sulfonamides

targets what

A

folic acid metabolism

44
Q

Polymyxin
Daptomycin

targets what

A

cytoplasmic membrane structure

General Microbiology (20 decks)

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