Antimicrobial Sensitivity Testing Flashcards
Substances produced by microorganisms that kill or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms
antibiotics
Should have high selective toxicity
antibiotics
Must undergo sensitivity testing
antibiotics
Must kill or inhibit the microbial pathogen without damaging the host cell.
selective toxicity
is the regulation of gene expression in response to fluctuations in cell-population density
quorum sensing
this kind of bacteria produce and release chemical signal molecules called autoinducers that increase in concentration as a function of cell density.
quorum sensing bacteria
MRSA meaning
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
antibiotic attacking cell wall synthesis (6 - CVBPCMC)
Cycloserine
Vancomycin
Bacitracin
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Monobactams
Carbapenems
antibiotic targeting DNA gyrase (3)
Nalidixic acid
Ciprofloxacin
Novobiocin
group of antibiotic targeting DNA gyrase
Quinolones
targets transcription (RNA elongation)
Actinomycin
targets DNA-directed RNA polymerase (2)
Rifampin
Streptovaricins
targets protein synthesis (50S inhibitors) (4)
Erythromycin
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin
Lincomycin
targets protein synthesis (30S Inhibitors) (6)
Tetracyclines
Spectinomyces
Streptomycin
Gentamicin
Kanamycin
Amikacin
Nitrofurans
targets protein synthesis (tRNA) (2)
Mupirocin
Puromycin
targets folic acid metabolism (2)
Trimethoprim
Sulfonamides
targets cytoplasmic membrane structure (2)
Polymyxin
Daptomycin
Used to determine the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MLC (minimum lethal concentration)
dilution susceptibility test
tests to determine the level of antimicrobial activity
Dilution Suceptibility Test
Kirby-Bauer Method (Disk Diffusion Test)
other name for Disk Diffusion Test
Kirby-Bauer Method
Can test the resistance or sensitivity of an organism to an array of antimicrobial agents.
Kirby-Bauer Method
is the lowest concentration of a chemical, usually a drug, which prevents visible in vitro growth of bacteria or fungi.
minimum inhibitory concentration
When Barium is completely suspended, the optical density of the suspension is 0.5
McFarlan 0.5 turbidity standard
approximate number of Mcfarland units in the inoculum with 0.5 MFU
1.5x10^8 cfu/ml
MFU means
McFarland Standard
Medium used for standardized antimicrobial disk diffusion susceptibility testing.
Mueller-Hinton Agar
MHA is the best medium for routine susceptibility tests because (3)
good reproducibility
low in sulfonamide, trimethoprim, tetracyline inhibitors
gives satisfactory growth of most bacterial pathogens
area where mcirobes cannot grow
zone of inhibition
MHA is low in (3) what inhibitors
sulfonamide
trimethoprim
tetracycline
draw the streaking pattern for the inoculum
+1
isa circular area around the spot of the antibiotic in which the bacteria colonies do not grow
zone of inhibition
can be used to measure the susceptibility of the bacteria to wards the antibiotic.
zone of inhibition
see the zone size interpretive chart for Kirby-Bauer Test
+1
Cycloserine
Vancomycin
Bacitracin
Penicillin
Cephalosporin
Monobactams
Carbapenems
targets what
Cell wall synthesis
Nalidixic acid
Ciproflaxin
Novobiocin
targets what
DNA gyrase
Actinomycin targets what
RNA elongation
Rifampin
Streptovaricin
targets what
DNA-directed RNA polymerase
Erythromycin is also known as
macrolides
Erythromycin
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin
Lincomycin
targets what
protein synthesis (50s inhibitors)
Tetracycline
Spectinomyces
Streptomyces
Gentamicin
Kanamycin
Amikacin
Nitrofurans
targets what
protein synthesis (30s inhibitors)
Mupirocin
Puromycin
targets what
Protein synthesi (tRNA)
Trimethrophin
Sulfonamides
targets what
folic acid metabolism
Polymyxin
Daptomycin
targets what
cytoplasmic membrane structure
