respiratory system 1 Flashcards
what are some of the respiratory organs ?
- Lungs
- Epiglottis
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Mouth
- Nose
- Larynx
- Pharynx
what are the main functions of the respiratory system ?
- moves oxygen from outside environment into your body
- removes carbon dioxide and water from your body
- main site for gas exchange
- site of immune system reactions and functions - provides protection
what is average total lung capacity of adult human male ?
6 litres of air
what is tidal volume ?
total volume of air that is inhaled or exhaled in a single breathe
what is the average breathing rate for an adult ?
12-20 breathes per mintue
what is the average breathing rate at birth ?
3-60 breathes per mintues
label a lung volum graph
see lecture slides
what happens when you breathe in ?
- rib muscle relax
- diaphragm contracts
- air leaves the alveoli
- air moves between the chest wall and the lung
what happens to the diaphragm and intercoastal muscles during inhalation ?
contracts
what happens to the diaphragm and intercoastal muscles during exhalation ?
intercoastal muscles relax
diaphragm domes upwards
what are alveoli ?
moist thin walled pockets where gas exchange occurs
why are alveoli slightly oily ?
prevents alveolar walls from collapsing and sticking together
how is oxygen transported ?
haemoglobin binds to oxygen that diffuses into the blood stream
what does carbon dioxide dissolve in ?
plasma
forms 70% of bicarbonate ions
what is the bohr effect ?
oxygen transport
bound to hb
myoglobin
different hb forms
